Geographical Information System (GIS) Flashcards
what is gis?
a collection of computer hardware, software, data, people and processes designed to capture, store, update manipulate, analyse and display spatially referenced data
components of GIS
- hardware
- software
- data
- people processes
functional element of GIS
capture, store, update, manipulate and analyse spatially referenced data
two types of data in GIS
- spatial data
- attribute data
spatial data
the shape and location of geographical features
attribute data
the characteristics of geographic features
two methods of storing data in GIS
- vector data
- rasta data
vector data
the representation of an area using points, lines and polygons
rasta data
the representation of an area using grid cells or pixels
processes when working with GIS
- data input
- data storage
- data analysis
- output information
- data mangement
- data application
sources of information for GIS
- remote sensing
- survey data
- measure data
- primary data
- secondary data
remote sensing
aerial photos and satellite images
survey data
roads, railways, altitude census data
measure data
e.g. rainfall, temperature, air pressure etc.
primary data
first hand observations and measurement
secondary data
existing data measured and captured by another organisation
