Geographical Definitions and Areas

Question 1

Alluvium means…?

Answer 1

Deposits laid down by rivers, especially during floods

Question 2

Anticline means…?

Answer 2

Dome of rocks forming an arch

Question 3

Dip slope is…?

Answer 3

Gentle slope following the angle of rock found behind escarpments

Question 4

A dry valley is…?

Answer 4

Valleys where rivers used to flow

Question 5

An escarpment is a…?

Answer 5

A line of steep slopes above a gentle dip slope, caused by the erosion of alternate strata

Question 6

What does glaciated mean?

Answer 6

Previously or currently covered by glaciers/ice sheets

Question 7

What is a misfit river?

Answer 7

Rivers created by glaciers that are too small to erode the valley they flow through

Question 8

What are nodules?

Answer 8

Pieces of flint (hard crystalline form of quartz) found in chalk

Question 9

What is scarp and vale topography?

Answer 9

Erosion that left alternate strata of more or less resistant rock which forms a landscape

Question 10

A scree is…?

Answer 10

A group of small, loose stones that form or cover a slope on a mountain

Question 11

What is a soil creep?

Answer 11

Gradual movement of soil, scree or glacier in a downwards slope

Question 12

What is weathering?

Answer 12

Breakdown of rocks by rain, temperature or other activity

Question 13

The __________ around Malham Cove was created by its ________, past _________ processes and past _________ processes

Answer 13

Landscape
Geology
Tectonic
Glaciation

Question 14

When was the Carboniferous Period?

Answer 14

250-300 million years ago

Question 15

When were the rocks in Malham Cove created?

Answer 15

The Carboniferous period

Question 16

How did the Ice Age affect the Pennines?

Answer 16

Eroded valleys and created landforms like Malham Cove

Question 17

How have tectonic processes changes the Pennines?

Answer 17

Fault scraps have uplifted the land and hills

Convention currents uplifted the rock from the sea to form land

Question 18

What rock forms the tops of the hills in the Pennines like Buckden Pike?

Answer 18

Millstone grit

Question 19

What rocks have eroded to form U-shaped valleys and river valleys in the Pennines?

Answer 19

Sand and shales

Limestone

Question 20

How have glaciers changed the valley of Wharfe?

Answer 20

Altering river valleys to create U-shaped valleys

As glaciers melted, the changed places like Malham Cove into waterfalls

Question 21

What is the geology of Wharfdale?

Answer 21

Limestone

Question 22

What is the line that runs through the UK and separates the geology into two different types?

Answer 22

Tees-Exe line

South of the line are softer, sedimentary

North of the line are harder sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic rocks

Question 23

The Lake District is an _______ landscape characterised by high _____, U-shapes valleys and _________ rivers

Answer 23

Upland
Peaks
Misfit

Question 24

The ________ is a lowland landscape characterised by _________ hills and scarp and vale ___________

Answer 24

Weald
Undulating
Topography

Question 25

Screes are ________ and can cause ___________

Answer 25

Unstable

Rockfalls

Question 26

How are screes formed?

Answer 26

Freeze-thaw weathering

Question 27

What is the Lake Districts highest point?

Answer 27

Scafell Pike (978m)

Question 28

What is the main slope process of the Weald?

Answer 28

Soil creep

Question 29

What is the general shape of the Weald landscape?

Answer 29

Small, undulating hills

Question 30

What is used to form dry stone walls and buildings in the Yorkshire Dales?

Answer 30

Limestone

Question 31

What is an areas distinctive landscape influenced by?

Answer 31

The activities of the people who live there and their use of local materials

Question 32

Why are hedges and ditches used as field boundaries in East Anglia?

Answer 32

The geology (till and chalk) doesn’t produce solid building materials

Question 33

What is a strata?

Answer 33

Distinctive layers of rock