Geog Exam 1 Flashcards
4 characteristics of a map that are distorted to some degree based on projection used.
- Distance
- Direction
- Shape
- Area
Cold War
- (1945-1991)
- The U.S. and Soviet Union struggled for control.
- Capitalism vs Communism
Post Industrial Period
- (1980-present)
- Globalization takes hold
- Manufacturing moves out of the industrialized nations into other world regions
Age of Religions
- Judaism = 4,000 years ago
- Hinduism = 3,000 years ago
- Buddhism = 2,500 years ago
- Christianity = 2,000 years ago
- Islam = 1,300 years ago
Colonialism
-An established political-economic and socio-cultural domination by a state over a separate society
Mercantlisim
- Economic policy
- Found in Europe during 16th, 17th, & 18th centuries
- Government controlled industry and trade
Hegemony
- Domination over the world economy
- Exercised through economic, military, financial, and cultural means.
Neocolonial
-Relationships that replaced colonialism
Globalization
- The consolidation in the global economy and global culture
- Post 1980
4 Economic Sectors
- Primary: Natural resources
- Secondary: Manufacturing
- Tertiary: Services; Sales and exchange
- Quaternary: Information processing and handling
Global North
Minority population, Majority economic power
Global South
Majority population, Minority economic Power
Diaspora
- The spatial dispersion of a previously homogeneous group
- Emigration involving the involuntary/voluntary movement of people
- Notable diasporas: African, Jewish, Palestinian
Monarchical Power
-Derived from force and subjugation
Republican Power
-Derived from the support of the governed
Failed State
- A situation in which the government is so weak it has little control over its territory
- Examples: Sudan, Somalia, Afghanistan, Iraq
Irredentim
-Occurs when the government of a country asserts that a minority living outside its borders belongs to it historically and culturally.
Maps: Small Scale vs Large Scale
Small scale
- Covers large area
- Low level of detail
Large scale
- Covers small area
- High level of detail
Latitude vs Longitude
Latitude
- Horizontal lines
- Angular distance north or south of the equator
Longitude
- Vertical lines
- Angular distance east or west of the prime meridian
Thematic Maps
-Show a specific spatial distribution or category of data
How can features be represented on a map?
- Point
- Line
- Area
Mountain boundary between Asia and Europe
-Ural Mountains
What is Europe’s largest river?
Volga River
4 Main Physiological Regions of Europe
- Northwestern Uplands
- Alpine System
- Central Plateaus
- North European Lowlands
Balkinization
- Process by which larger states are broken up into smaller states.
- Particularly done around ethnic groups
Pyrenees
- Mountains that form a natural border between France and Spain.
- Extend 270 miles from Bay of Biscay to Mediterranean Sea
Who has the 3rd largest population cluster?
-Europe
Influences of Ancient Greece
- Languages
- Politics
- Educational System
- Literature
- Philosophy
- Science
- Democracy
- Arts
Roman Empire
- Established around 509 BCE
- Conquered Europe, North Africa, and Asia Minor
- Began declining in the 4th century
Most Highly Urbanized Region
-Europe (74% urban)
World War 1
- 1914-1918
- Entente powers: UK, France, Russian Empire
World War 2
- 1939-1945
- Central powers: German Empire, Austro-Hungarian Empire, Ottoman Empire, Kingdom of Bulgaria
Marshall Plan
- (1947-1951)
- U.S. plan for rebuilding Europe after World War 2
NATO
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization
- Military alliance formed in 1949
- U.S, Canada, Most European counties, and Turkey
Warsaw Pact
-An alliance of the Soviet Union and its European satellites
When did the Cold War end?
-In 1991 with the collapse of the Soviet Union
Which countries fared the best during the reintegration of the former soviet satellites?
- Poland
- Czechi
- Hungary
- Slovenia
European Union
-Economic and political union of 27 member states
Euro
- Officially created with the advent of the Maastricht Treaty in 1993
- 2nd largest reserve currency
1st European emperor to convert to Chistianity
-Constantine the Great
Who’s wealthier, western or eastern Europe?
Eastern Europe
Switzerland
- Known for it’s neutrality in world wars
- Global banking center
Europe’s 2nd most populous country
-Turkey
Ukraine
- Territorially the largest country in Europe
- Huge industrial complex
- Location of Chernobyl disaster of 1986
3 types of rocks
- Igneous
- Sedimentary
- Meamorphic
Igneous Rock
-Formed by the cooling and solidification of molten rock
Sedimentary Rock
-Composed of particles of gravel, sand, silt, and clay
Metamorphic Rock
-Formed from igneous and sedimentary rocks by earth forces that generate heat, pressure, or chemical reactions
How long ago was the Earth formed?
4.5 billion years
3 types of gradational processes
- Weathering
- Mass movement
- Erosion
Russian Revolution of 1917
- Also known as Bolshevik Revolution
- Overturned 300 years of Tsarist rule from the Romanov family
Central Asia includes what 5 republics of the former Soviet Union
- Kazakhstan
- Kyrgyzstan
- Tajikistan
- Turkmenistan
2 Important leaders of the Russian Revolution and the ensuing Soviet system
- Vladimir Lenin
- Joseph Stalin
Great Purge
- Launched by Joseph Stalin
- Campaign to rid the communist party of ‘undesirables’
- Resulted in 1,000,000 deaths
What are the 3 major conflicts in Central Asia and Transcaucasus
- Armenia & Turkey
- Chechnya & Russia
How far is the sun?
-About 93 million miles
3 types of precipitation
- Orographic
- Frontal
- Convective
Greenhouse Gassses
- CO2
- Methane
- Nitrous Oxide
Largest non-Christian religion in the U.S.
-Judaism
5 largest cities in the U.S.
1-New York 2-L.A. 3-Chicago 4-Houston 5-Phoenix
5 largest metropolitan areas in the U.S.
1-New York 2-L.A. 3-Chicago 4-Dallas 5-Philadelphia
Current U.S. population
-310 million
Urbanization rate of North America
-82%
Largest minority group in the U.S.
-Hispanics
Monroe Doctrine
-U.S. governmental policy stating that European military interference in the western hemisphere would no longer be tolerated.
1st wave of immigration to the U.S was dominated by which two nationalities?
-Irish and German
2nd wave of immigration to the U.S was dominated by which two nationalities?
-Italians and Poles
3rd wave of immigration to the U.S was dominated by which two nationalities?
-Asian and Latin American
What are the 3 urban growth models?
- Concentric zone
- Sector model
- Multiple nuclei model
In 1910 what percentage of African Americans lived in the south?
-90%
When did the U.S. urban population reach 50%?
-1920
When did the U.S. suburban population reach 50%?
-2000
