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Geography - Unit 1 > Geo- Unit 1 > Flashcards

Geo- Unit 1 Flashcards

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0
Q

Physical geography definition

A

deals with the study of processes and patterns in the natural environment like the atmosphere, lithosphere, biosphere and hydrosphere..

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1
Q

What are the three main types of geography?

A

Physical geography, human geography and environmental geography

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2
Q

human geography definition

A

studies the world, its people, communities and cultures

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3
Q

environmental geography

A

describes and explains the spatial aspects of interactions between humans and the natural world

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4
Q

world is tilted at…

A

23.5 degrees

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5
Q

lines that separates canada from the us ….

A

49 degrees

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6
Q

provinces and territories

A

60 degrees

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7
Q

Tropic of Cancer and capricorn

A

23.5 degrees

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8
Q

international date line

A

180 degrees

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9
Q

arctic circle

A

66 degrees

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10
Q

what are the 3 types of scales

A

statement scale- 1cm=1km
representative fraction scale - 1/50 000
linear scale- |1|2|3|4|5km|

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11
Q

small scale map

A

map that shows a small amount of detail of a large area such as a map with a scale 1:25 000

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12
Q

large scale map

A

shows a large amount of detail of a small area such as a map with a scale 1:50 000

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13
Q

4 eras are…

A

precambrian
Palaeozoic
Mesozoic
Cenozoic

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14
Q

2 facts about precambrian

A
  • volcanic eruptions

- early fossils

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15
Q

2 facts about Palezoic

A
  • first land plants

- appalachians formed

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16
Q

2 facts about mesozoic

A
  • interior plains formed

- dinosaurs

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17
Q

2 facts about cenozoic

A
  • humans appear

- western cordillera formed

18
Q

3 types of rocks

A

igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary

19
Q

Igneous rock

A

Rock formed when cooling molten rock (magma or lava)

20
Q

Metamorphic rock

A

Formed when sedimentary or metamorphic are subjected to heat and pressure

21
Q

Sedimentary rock

A

Formed in layers from compression Osama sediments over millions of years.

22
Q

Folding and faulting definition

A

Folding- bending over rock layers

Faulting- movement along a crack or racks in the earths surface

23
Q

Interiors of the earth

A

Inner core
Outer core
Crust
Mantle

24
Q

Theory of the continental drift

A

1 shape of the coastlines
2 mid oceanic ridge- where continental plates originally split apart
3 fossil evidence- common species
4 geologic formations- similar landforms on adjacent continents

25
Q

5 phenomena that shaped canada

A
  1. Tectonic plates- Rockies
  2. Glaciers- Mackenzie river
  3. Meteors- Quebec circ lake
  4. Water erosion - Niagara Falls
  5. Tides -NB
26
Q

Relief precipitation

A

Created when an air mass rises to cross a mountain barrier (west coast)

27
Q

Cyclonic precipitation

A

Created when a warm moist air mass is forced to rise by a cool dry air mass(newf)

28
Q

Conventional precipitation

A

Created on hot summer days when heated land causes air above it to rise by convection. As the air rises it cools and condensation occurs. (Sask and Manitoba)

29
Q

Factors that affect climate

A

Latitude- far from equator=colder
Ocean currents- warm water = more moisture
Wind and air masses - wind moves from west to east in canada
Elevation- temp decreases as u go upwards
Relief landforms- high relief features such as mountains affect climates because they act as barriers
Near water - cities beside lakes tend to have more precipitation

30
Q

5 weather phenomenas

A 
Tornado
Hurricane 
Monsoons
Ice storm
Snow storm
31
Q

Characteristics of ecozone for distinguishing

A

Landforms
Climate
Vegetation
Soil

32
Q

Annual avg temp

A

Add all numbers then divide by number of numbers

33
Q

Total precip

A

Add all numbers

34
Q

Range of temp

A

Take highest and subtract from lowest

35
Q

If temperature is less than 20 degrees

A

Maritime climate

36
Q

If temp is more than 20 degrees

A

Continental climate

37
Q

Canada’s landform regions

A 
Western cordillera
Interior plains 
Canadian Shield 
Hudson Bay and arctic lowlands
St Lawrence lowlands and Great Lakes 
Appalachian mountains 
Innuition mountains
38
Q

2 facts about igneous

A

Cools slowly into crystals

Not layered

39
Q

2 facts about sedimentary

A

May be fossil

Has layers

40
Q

2 facts Metamorphic

A

Most dense
No holes
Minerals visible

41
Q

3 main characteristics we look for when grouping landform regions

A

Surface shape
Geologic age
Rock type

42
Q

3 main landforms in canada

A

Shield - Canadian Shield
Highlands- mountains
Lowlands- low lying

Geography - Unit 1 (1 decks)

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