geo sac Flashcards
National response
1 percent gdp store glacier bukesfjord hydro electric plant. less jobs more jobs, move away from fossil fuels, Greenland low contributor
Criteria
sustainability, ethics, financial
Global response
Paris climate agreement 1.5 deg 2 deg, developed vs non developed, buy emissions, 197 countries signed 187 ratified, doesn’t punish, not everyone has ratified, solid base for further policies, economic incentive for lower emissions.
Local response
Narsaq tambett mining company now mining since ice has melted.
evaluate on impact
severity, relative importance strengths and weaknesses.
social impact
hunting to fishing, moulins, 3 months less of sea ice, 5000- 1800 dogs.
dog population gone, traditions lost, 90%gdp fishing, employment oppurtunities 400 hunters move to fishing
charectiristice of glaciers
moulins, ablation zone, accumulation, terminus, topography
interconnection
black ice climate change, warmer temp more sunlight more ice melt
environmental impact
loss of biodiversity, cold water shrimp gone, mackerel cod Atlantic blue fish tuna move in, polar bear south loss of 40% body fat scavenge for food. More fishes, natural predators gone, industry has to adapt, more employment opportunity.
economic impact
increase In mining as seen in narsaq where tambett is mining copper zinc uranium and getting rich.
analyse
Elaborate and outline
Give quantitative evidence
Use analytical language, signposting
(Similar to explain, but more in-depth)
assess
Evaluation but to a lesser degree
Benefits and Negatives/ Pros and Cons
Note: Geospatial “assess” has a different meaning, and refers to the change over time of phenomena
Gis
grace satellite, GGds Greenland gas database system, layers maps to see interconnection between maps, can manage potential disasters or change through ice. validate data against each other layer maps, time saving, bad ground information, not for public use
evaluate
Positives and Negatives
Criterion/a: Choose a SEFTT factor, justify the criterion/a, and apply
Impact: Discuss the:
○ Severity of impact in relation to other impacts
○ Importance of impact in relation to other impacts
account
Identify pattern if present
Give reason for/explain why the phenomena occurred
compare
Describe both
Compare
Don’t give reason/explain unless specifically asked to
Quantitative evidence may reinforce
discuss
Pros and Cons
Provide general discussion
explain
Elaborate and outline
Give quantitative evidence
describe
Where/Pattern
Quantity
Quantity of change
Rate of change
What is changing/Where is it changing
Exception
local strategy
phones give logging information Iive for monetary reward
called forest defenders 185 killed across 16 countries in 2015
Gis
the data base uses photos of stumps to see where the illegal logging is occurring and then pays those people, they use this to gain an understanding on the ground and to gain a large understanding of the situation of logging in Cameroon that would be too vast for the employ of rangers and too vague for the use of satellite information.
National strategy
The Cameroon forestry law 1994 was revised in 2017. permits removed, employs independent observers to check the legality of logging companies through the use of sustainable management documents before giving them logging licenses, involves community more and also raised timber price to get more money to the people. 20% protected forests, illegal logging decreased to 10% of Cameroon logging. negatives insufficient focus on traditional logging from communities, doesn’t target legal logging which has recently claimed 73000 ha for palm oil and 32000 for a dam and reservoir.
global strategy
reduced emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (redd+) requires 43 billion annually, impossible
in Cameroon, south eastern Cameroon target, restrict access to certain forests (20% protected) training in agro forestry (community likes normal agriculture more) educating on forest production, beekeeping training (locals hate bees) Establish a forest monitoring committee, not enough money, lack of indigenous involvement and illegal logging undermines strategy.
social impact
lom pangar reservoir which will displace 32000 hectares of forests for clean water to be provided to , Song Loulou (384 MW) and Edea (264 MW). These run-of-river hydropower dams have experienced significant reductions in power generation due to dry seasons exacerbated by drought. The Government of Cameroon hopes the Lom Pangar Dam will increase these dams’ ability to generate power during dry periods by an estimated 105 MW to 216 MW it will provide cheap electricity to millions of relatively poor 1,500 use gdp per capita population
environmental impact
cross river gorilla population decreased to 200-300 left in the wild, this substantial drop in population.
economical impact
the trans Cameroon railway accounts for 60% of the nations timber, the timber industry provided 780 million use to Cameroon in 2016, timber was 30% of Cameroons national economy and 7% and 27000 direct jobs of Cameroon gdp, however it allows for easier illegal logging due to poor government policies, the government spends 2% of it’s gdp on illegal logging annually.
reasons for deforestation
agriculture explains 74% of Cameroon deforestation, for its 28 million people which is increasing as evident through it’s 4.5 births per woman.
the timber industry accounts for 7% of Cameroon gdp 780 million use in 2016 and 30% of it’s national economy 27000 direct jobs and 150000 indirect jobs second largest driving force of deforestation.3
