Geo Exam

Question 1

what are the 6 key processes?

Answer 1

• evaporation
• condensation
• transpiration
• precipitation
• infiltration
• surface runoff

Question 2

what is groundwater?

Answer 2

Groundwater is an important part of the water cycle and it is the water that is found under the Earth’s surface in the cracks and spaces in soil, sand and rock.

Question 3

what is a aquifer?

Answer 3

An aquifer is an underground layer of water held by a permeable rock.

Question 4

what is a natural resource?

Answer 4

Natural resources are raw materials that occur naturally in the environment and which are necessary or useful to people. They include soil, water, mineral deposits

Question 5

what is renewable resource?

Answer 5

Renewable natural resources are those things that can grow or be replaced in a short time for example plants and animals.

Question 6

what is a non-renewable resource?

Answer 6

Non - renewable natural resources are those that cannot be replaced in a short time because they take thousands of years to form. An example is fossil fuels. We cannot make more oil, coal or gas and so they will eventually run out!

Question 7

what is the process of evaporation?

Answer 7

Evaporation is the process that changes liquid water to gas water and rises up into the sky, which goes into clouds..

Question 8

what is the process of transpiration?

Answer 8

This is similar to evaporation. Water vapour is released through the leaves of trees and it rises into the atmosphere.

Question 9

what is the process of condensation?

Answer 9

Condensation is the process of water vapor turning back into liquid water.

Question 10

what is the process of precipitation?

Answer 10

When hail, mist, rain, sleet, or snow falls from the clouds because it couldn’t hold any more water vapour.

Question 11

what are the 3 forms of water?

Answer 11

• solid
• liquid
• gas

Question 12

what are two reasons we can’t use the World’s water?

Answer 12

1) We can’t use the majority of the world’s water without it being filtered because the water is so salty that it would kill all humans, animals and plants.

2) Another reason we can’t drink unfiltered water is because of how polluted it is.

Question 13

how much of the world’s water is in oceans?

Answer 13

97.5%

Question 14

how much of the world’s water is fresh?

Answer 14

2.5% (but most of it is locked up in glaciers, snow, ice)

Question 15

how much of the world’s water is left in rivers, lakes, wetlands, soil and in the bodies of animals and plants?

Answer 15

0.4%

Question 16

why do we use water?

Answer 16

• agriculture
• workplace/school
• recreation
• at home

Question 17

why is turning salt water into freshwater hard?

Answer 17

• It uses a lot of power and costs a lot of money for them to do
• It leaves behind a lot of salt which is put back into the ocean which makes it saltier and isn’t good for the environment.
• People say the water is too expensive and should be cheaper
• Some lost their home due to building the machines for desalination.

Question 18

how much can Sydney’s desalination plant produce a day?

Answer 18

250 million litres.

Question 19

what is a contour line?

Answer 19

These are lines on a map that join points of equal height above sea level in metres.

Question 20

what does BOLTS stand for?

Answer 20

• border
• orientation
• legend
• title
• scale

Question 21

where are the 5 desalination plants in australia?

Answer 21

Goldcoast, Sydney, Perth, Victoria, Adelaide.

Question 22

what is a contour interval?

Answer 22

This is the difference in height between each contour line in metres.

Question 23

what is a trig point?

Answer 23

The number next to the symbol is the height in metres at that point on the map.

Question 24

what is a spot height?

Answer 24

The number next to the dot is the height in metres at that point on the map.

Question 25

what are the four cardinal (main) points on a compass?

Answer 25

north, south, east, west

Question 26

what are the other four ordinal (next 4) points in a compass?

Answer 26

ne, nw, se, sw

Question 27

what are the vertical lines called on a topographic map?

Answer 27

eastings

Question 28

what is the saying to remember for the grid?

Answer 28

‘go along the corridor, then up the stairs.’

Question 29

what are the horizontal lines called on a topographic map?

Answer 29

northings

Question 30

what does desalination mean?

Answer 30

removing salt from sea water

Question 31

what is the order of the water cycle?

Answer 31

1) evaporation
2) condensation
3) precipitation
4) transpiration
5) runoff
6) infiltration

Question 32

name 6 types of natural resources.

Answer 32

oil, coal, natural gas, metals, stone and sand

Question 33

name 3 types of fossil fuels.

Answer 33

coal, oil and natural gas.

Question 34

what are the 3 types of scales?

Answer 34

• written/verbal (one thousand:one)
• graphic (shows map distances and the corresponding ground distances)
• fractional (ratio)

Question 35

how do you identify physical features on a map?

Answer 35

using the symbols shown in the map’s key or legend

Question 36

what are 4 examples of cultural features on a map?

Answer 36

building, road, tower, or bridge.