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GEO 215 Exam 2 > GEO 215 Exam 2 > Flashcards

GEO 215 Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

A =

A

Tropical

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2
Q

B =

A

Dry

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3
Q

C =

A

Subtropical (Daytona)

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4
Q

D =

A

Continental

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5
Q

E =

A

Polar

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6
Q

AF =

A

Constantly rainy, examples: tropical rain forest

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7
Q

AM =

A

Monsoon Example wet season and dry seasons.

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8
Q

AW =

A

Dry cool season, rainy warm season, Example Tropical Savanna

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9
Q

BS =

A

Semiarid (slightly rainy season)

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10
Q

BW =

A

Arid (desert)

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11
Q

CF =

A

Constant/even precipitation (Humid subtropical)

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12
Q

CS =

A

Dry warm season, wet cool season (Mediterranean)

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13
Q

CW =

A

dry cool season, warm wet season (rainy season and a very dry season)

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14
Q

DF =

A

Constant/even precipitation (Humid continental)

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15
Q

DW =

A

Dry cool season, wet warm season (continental/subarctic monsoon)

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16
Q

ET =

A

Tundra

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17
Q

EF =

A

ice cap

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18
Q

What affects soil formation?

A
  • Parent material -Climate of area - gravity, erosion - plants and animals
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19
Q

Laterization

A
  • Tropical areas
  • Soils deep
  • Nutrient poor
  • Red color
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20
Q

Salinization:

A
  • Hot dry areas
  • Salty soil
  • Crackly and dry
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21
Q

Calcification:

A
  • Like salinization but more precipitation
  • Great Plains area
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22
Q

Podzolization:

A
  • Cool and rainy
  • Pacific Northwest
  • Acidic and nutrient poor
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23
Q

Gleization:

A
  • Very cold locations
  • Tundra
  • No evaporation or runoff
24
Q

Igneous rocks:

A
  • When lava cools as it reches Earth’s surface.
  • Granite
  • Cools quickly - fine grained, smoother appearance
  • Cools slowly – coarse-grained, specked appearance (granite countertop)
  • Lighter color - felsic
  • Darker – mafic
25
Q

Sedimentary rocks:

A
  • Many layers of sediment moved to a location by wind or water and compacted over time.
  • Soft
  • Great Plains
  • Limestone
26
Q

Metamorphic rocks:

A
  • Eposed to extreme pressure/chemical reactions that changed them.
27
Q

Continental Drift theory:

A
  • Continents drift over time
  • Alfred Wegener 1912
28
Q

Types of plate boundaries:

A

Tectonic, divergent, convergent, transform.

29
Q

Tectonic Plates:

A
  • Constantly moving
  • Faults (crust breaks and moves) form here
30
Q

Divergent Boundaries:

A

Two plates moving apart due to tension stress of molten moving up.
Normal faults (hanging wall slips down along foot wall)

31
Q

Convergent Boundaries:

A

Two plates move toward one another, compression stress.

32
Q

Ocean-Continent Convergence:

A

Plates sink (subduction)

33
Q

Ocean-Ocean convergence:

A

Form islands (Alaska’s)

34
Q

Continent-Continent Convergence:

A

 Reverse faults
 Mountain ranges form (Himalayas)

35
Q

Transform Boundaries:

A
  • Plates move past laterally
  • Shear stress
  • Strike slip
36
Q

Faults:
Folding:

A

deformation to crust in response to stress.

37
Q

Faults:
Anticlines:

A

upfolds and produce ridges.

38
Q

Synclines:

A

downfolds that produce valleys.

39
Q

Volcanoes:

A
  • Form in subduction zones or hot stoops
    o Hot spots: magma rising up
40
Q
  • Felsic magma:
A

doesn’t flows, explosive eruptions

41
Q
  • Mafic magma:
A

flows, weak eruptions

42
Q

Shield Volcanoes:

A
  • Sloped volcanoes
  • Mafic magma
  • Weak explosions
43
Q

Composite Volcanoes: (Stratovolcanoes)

A
  • Large big explosions
  • Felsic magma
44
Q

Physical Weathering:

A
  • Disintegration of rocks without any change in rocks chemical compostion.
  • Done by water, salt, exfoliation.
45
Q

Chemical weathering:

A
  • Chemical alternation
  • Oxidation
46
Q

Biological Weathering:

A
  • Weaken over time.
47
Q

Rockfalls:

A
  • High speed, low moisture, falling of rocks downslope.
48
Q

Landslides:

A

instant collapse of slopes moving across flat sliding planes.

49
Q

Slumps:

A

collapse of a slope with rotation along curved sliding planes.

50
Q

Mudflow:

A

water-logged material flows rapidly through drainage after rain.

51
Q

Earthflow:

A

water-saturated slopes shift downhill a short distance some time after rain.

52
Q

Soil Creeps:

A

gradual downhill movements of soil and regolith of an entire slope.

53
Q

Cirriform clouds

A

are thin and wispy, and exist at high altitudes. Cirrus clouds are a specific example.

54
Q

Stratiform clouds

A

are wider than they are tall and are usually closer to the ground. Think of a gray, cloudy day. Stratus clouds are a specific example.

55
Q

Cumuliform clouds

A

are puffy and taller than they are wide. Cumulus and cumulonimbus clouds are examples.

56
Q

Nimbo- or -nimbus

A

is a Latin root that means rain or precipitation. You often see this with various cloud types (cumulonimbus or nimbostratus for example).

GEO 215 Exam 2 (1 decks)

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