GENTITOURINARY

Question 1

KIDGO definition of AKI

Answer 1

↑Cr or>=0.3mg/dL within 48 hrs 
    or 
>=50% within 7 days   
    or
UO of <0.5mL/kg/hr for >6hrs

Question 2

• Dialysis indictions

Answer 2

AEIOU = Acidosis / Electrolyte / Ingestions / Fluid Overload / Uremia

Question 3

how to calculate osmolarity

Answer 3

x2 salts and a sitckybun + beer(1.25)

x2(Na+) + BUN + Glucose + 1.25(ETOH)

Question 4

• KDIGO & (RIFLE) stages (sorry huge cue card)

Answer 4

• (risk) stage 1 >= Cr 0.3mg?dL or 50-99% or UO <0.5mL/kg/hr for 6-12 hrs
  
  • (injury)stage 2 Cr 100-199% or UO <0.5mL/kg/hr for 12-24 hrs
  • (failure) stage 3 Cr >200% or UO <0.5mL/kg/hr for >24 hrs or anuria
  • (loss) = need for renal replacement therapy for >3 weeks
  • (end-stage) = need for renal replacement therapy for >4 months

Question 5

4 things necessary before you place a foley

Answer 5

1. no blood in metus
   2.
   3.
   4.

Question 6

In chronic kidney disease the GFR =?

Answer 6

(GFR) is <60 mL/min/1.73 m

Question 7

when does the osmol gap suggest there is a toxic alcohol?

Answer 7

> 10

Question 8

levels of K+ that are labeled mild, moderate, severe

Answer 8

5.5 mild, mod >6, severe>7

Question 9

how will anion gap and osmol gap trend over time with toxici alcohols

Answer 9

• Anion gap will RISE

* Osmol gap will FALL

Question 10

indications for hemodialysis - RAVED 3

Answer 10

• R.A.V.E.D. 3
  
  • renal failure
  • acidosis
  • vital changes
  • electrolyte disturbance
  • deterioration despite ICU tx
  • 3 = toxic alcohols? = ethylene glycol

Question 11

What do these words mean?

• KDIGO
• AKIN
• RIFLE

Answer 11

• KDIGO - kidney disease: improving global outcomes
• AKIN - Acute Kidney Injury Network
• RIFLE - risk, injury,failure,loss,end-stage

Question 12

Urgent indications for dialysis

Answer 12

(UTD)

* refractory fluid overload (repeated +’ve fluid balance despite attempts at diuresis)
* severe hyperkalemia >6.5 or rapidly rising
* signs of uraemia, such as pericarditis, encephalopathy, or dLOC
* severe metabolic acidosis (pH <7.1)
* toxins - alcohols and drugs

Question 13

ASA toxicity

4 stages of ABG changes

Answer 13

• resp alkalosis 2nd to brain stem from asa
• AGMA + metabolic acidosis from metabolites
• metabolic alkalosis - from vomiting
• resp acidosis - resp exhaustion