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General Surgery EOR Prep > GenSurgQuestions > Flashcards

GenSurgQuestions Flashcards

1
Q

AAA is atleasts what measurement

A

> 3cm

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2
Q

Most AAA are in what location

A

infrarenal

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3
Q

What is used to dx AAA and what is used to characterize and measure

A

US for dx, then CT

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4
Q

Who gets screenings for AAA

A

men 65-75 hx smoking

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5
Q

When is surgical repair indicated for AAA

A

5cm or larger

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6
Q

Ascending thoracic AA usually dt

A

elastin degradation

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7
Q

Descending thoracic AA usually dt

A

atherosclerosis

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8
Q

Arch aneurysm seen in

A

trauma or deceleration injuries

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9
Q

What is the TOC to characterize thoracic AA

A

MRI or CT, often discovered on CXR

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10
Q

Surgical repair indicated for thoracic AA that are

A

6cm, rapid expansion, of symptomatic

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11
Q

AAA or thoracic AA- which is more likely to sponatenous rupture?

A

AAA

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12
Q

Varicose veins usually occur where

A

in the saphenous vein

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13
Q

Aortic dissection usually occurs

A

in ascending aorta

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14
Q

Typical pt for aortic dissection

A

men 60-70, HTN or connective tissue disorders

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15
Q

Majority aortic dissections are what type

A

Proximal (Stnadord A), DeBakey I

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16
Q

ripping retrosternal back pain, pulse discrepancies, HTN w/o

A

CXR, CT or TEE

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17
Q

What kinds of aortic dissections must receive surgcal repair?

A

Stanford type A/Proximal

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18
Q

DVT management

A

Anticoag with heparin, LMWH, or fondaparinux
some cases lytics or thrombectomy
3m anticoagulation, consider IVC filter if not a good candidate

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19
Q

What lung cancer is NOT associated with smoking

A

Adenocarcinoma

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20
Q

MC type of thyroid CA

A

papillary adenocarcinoma

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21
Q

Bariatric sx limited to pts with BMI

A

> 40 or >35 if complications are present

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22
Q

opacification of the eye lens is called

A

cataract

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23
Q

gallstone that has traveled to the common bile duct

A

cholecocholithiasis

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24
Q

fever, RUQ pain, jaundice

A

Charcot’s triad- ascending cholangitis

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25
Q

fever, RUQ pain, jaundice, confusion, HoTN

A

Reynold’s pentad- ascending cholangitis

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26
Q

Tx for ascending cholangitis

A

Zosyn or Cef + Flagyl

biliar drainage via ERCP

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27
Q

Toxic megacolon is a dilation of greater than

A

6cm

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28
Q

MC hernia is

A

indirect inguinal

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29
Q

what esophageal neoplasm is associated with Barrett’s esophagus

A

Adenocarcinoma

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30
Q

What esophageal neoplasm is associated with alcohol and tobacco use

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

31
Q

Benign tumors of the esophagus include

A

Leiomyoma
Adenoma
Esophageal papilloma (can transform to SCC)

32
Q

small bowel neoplasms usally located in

A

the ileum

33
Q

MC primary colorectal CA

A

Adenocarcinoma

34
Q

MC benign liver tumor

A

hemangioma

35
Q

what benign liver tumor is associated with long term estrogen use

A

Hepatic adenoma

36
Q

hepatocellular carcinoma usually occurs with

A

chornic liver diseas or cirrhosis

37
Q

Who/how gets screened for liver CA

A

High risk pts (chronic liver dis, cirrhosis) screened q6m via US

38
Q

What lab value rises in malignant hepatocellualr carcinoma

A

AFP

39
Q

extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease

A

Uveitis, erythema nodosum, pyoderma, liver, joints

40
Q

Who should get screenings for Barrett’s esophagus

A

EGD for aduts 50 with 5-10 yr hx GERD, and EGD q3y for pts with known Barret

41
Q

MC breast CA

A

Invasive ductal carcinoma

42
Q

MC skin CA

A

Basal Cell Carcinoma

43
Q

MC renal CA

A

renal cell carcinoma

44
Q

Courvoisier’s Sign

A

palpable gallbladder due to compression of bile duct

dt tumors of biliary tree or pancreatic head tumors

45
Q

BMI to dx obesity

A

> 30 kg/m2

46
Q

BMI to dx morbid obesity

A

> 40 kg/m2

47
Q

BMI to dx overwt

A

25.0-29.9

48
Q

Normal BMI

A

18.5-24.9

49
Q

What type of closure is best for pilondial cysts

A

delayed closure has lower likelihood of recurrence

50
Q

work up for post menopausal bleeding

A

To r/o endometrial neoplasm
transvag US assess endometrial stripe, >5mm warrants bx
Bx

51
Q

Colorectal Sx recommended abx

A

cefoxitin

preop neomycin + erythromycin

52
Q

Cardiac sx recommended abx

A

Cefazolin

53
Q

GU sx recommended abx

A

Cefazolin

54
Q

Non perforated appendectomy recommended abx

A

cefoxitin + metronidazole

55
Q

Things that keep fistulas open

A 
Fb
Radiation
Inflamm (Chrons)/ Infec
Epithelization
Neoplasm
Distal obstruction
Sepsis
56
Q

What are the indications for dialysis?

A

(AEIOU)

Acidosis, electrolytes, ingestions, overload, uremia

57
Q

Causes of AG metabolic acidosis

A 
Methanol
Uremia
DKA, AKA, SKA
Paraldehyde
INH
Lactic acidosis
Ethanol
Salicylates
58
Q

MCC SBO in virgin belly

A

indirect inguinal hernia

59
Q

Tx of hyperkalemia

A 
CBIGK- die
calcium gluconate
bicarb
insulin and glucose
kayexalate

dialysis

60
Q

ACUTE tx of AMS

A 
DONT
dextrose
oxygen
naloxone
thiamine
61
Q

rule of 10s for pheochromocytoma

A

10% bilat
10% malignant
10% extra-adrenal

62
Q

Fever on POD 2 consider

A

atelectasis, pna

63
Q

peripheral smear showing microangiopathy hemolytic anemia

A

DIC

64
Q

Abx for breast abscess

A

dicloxacillin, cephalexin, or clindamycin

65
Q

Solid rubbery round movable breast mass

A

Likely fibroadenoma
US to determine if solid
-needle bx/monitor and regular exms
increased risk breast CA

66
Q

phyllodes tumor tx

A

Require excision

if malignant wider margins/mastectomy

67
Q

Where do phyllodes tumors mets to?

A

Lungs NOT LN

68
Q

tx mastitis in breast feeding mother

A

Augmentin
or cephalexin, dicloxacillin
MRSA- clindamycin or cipro

69
Q

2 MCC nipple discharge

w/o

A

intraductal papilloma
mammary duct ectasia

w/o- diagnostic mammogram is first step

70
Q

mammography screenings MUST start at what age

A

50 q1yr till 65

then q2yr till 75

71
Q

What does a BIRADS score of 0 mean?

A

insufficient exam, may need repeat or additional views

72
Q

What does a BIRADS score of 3 mean?

A

most likely nl-2% chance CA

73
Q

What does a BIRADS score of 6 mean?

A

known CA, already confirmed by pathologist

74
Q

ER+ therapies include

A

a SERM- Tamoxifen

an aromatase inhibitor- not in premenopausal

General Surgery EOR Prep (1 decks)

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