Genomes and characteristics

Question 1

What is the genome of an organism?

Answer 1

It’s the entire genetic material of an organism

Question 2

In plants and animals, where is genetic material stored and what is it arranged into?

Answer 2

It is stored in the nucleus and is arranged into chromosomes

Question 3

Chromosomes come in pairs. So how many pairs do humans have?

Answer 3

23 pairs (46 chromosomes in total)

Question 4

What is a chromosome?

Answer 4

One very long molecule of DNA that’s coiled up

Question 5

DNA is a natural what?

Answer 5

A natural polymer that’s made up of smaller, repeating units called monomers.

Question 6

What are the monomers that make up DNA called?

Answer 6

Nucleotides

Question 7

Each DNA molecules contains two what?

Answer 7

Two strands of nucleotides

Question 8

What do the two strands of nucleotides coil up together to form?

Answer 8

A double helix

Question 9

What is a gene?

Answer 9

A short length of DNA on a chromosome

Question 10

What does each gene code for?

Answer 10

Each gene codes for a particular sequence