Genomes Flashcards
• Proportion of protein-encoding genes • Transposon origins of much ‘junk' DNA • Fish glycoprotein and placental examples • Horizontal gene transfer – limits and implications • How genomes can shed light on evolution • Examples of natural selection and adaptation in humans
1
Q
What proportion of human DNA codes for protein?
A
3%
19600 genes
2
Q
What proportion of human DNA consists of regulatory genes and what do these code for?
A
10%
RNA, protein factors binding to RNA
3
Q
What proportion of DNA is junk? What effect does this have?
A
85%
No effect on fitness, but intriguing that it exists
4
Q
What proportion of DNA consists of repetitive elements?
A
45% repeated identical segments, 10% have traces of Alu element.
