Genome Sequencing [INCOMPLETE]

Question 1

What year did the Human Genome Project begin?

Answer 1

1990

Question 2

List the 5 aims of the human genome project

Answer 2

1. Determine sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs in human DNA
2. Identify all approximately 20,000-25,000 genes in human DNA
3. Improve tools for data analysis
4. Store this information in databases to make available to researchers
5. Transfer related technologies to private sector, and
   address ethical, legal, and social issues (ELSI) that may arise from the project.

Question 3

How many countries participated?

Which countries were they?

Answer 3

6 countries participated

USA, UK, Germany, France, Japan, China

Question 4

How many laboratories were involved in sequencing the human genome?

Answer 4

20

Question 5

How was the Human Genome Project funded?

Answer 5

Publicly funded by agencies such as DoE and the NIH in the US and from the multi national effort coordinated by the Human Genome Organisation (HUGO)

Question 6

Who was the coordinator of the Human Genome Organisation (HUGO)?

Answer 6

Francis Collins, from the National Institutes of Health in the US

Question 7

What was the single biggest contributor to the sequencing of the human genome?

Answer 7

The British lab, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, near Cambridge completed 30% of the sequencing for the human genome

Question 8

What was the name of the private initiative in the USA working on the Human Genome Project?
Who directed it?

Answer 8

Celera Genomics

Craig Venter

Question 9

When was the human genome sequence draft published?

By who?

Answer 9

2001

Both the public and private initiative published the draft in 2001

Question 10

When was the human genome sequencing completed?

Answer 10

2003

Question 11

How long did it take the public initiative to sequence the human genome?

Answer 11

~16 years

Question 12

How long did it take the private initiative to sequence the human genome?

Answer 12

~8 years

Question 13

What approach did the publicly funded initiative take to sequence the human genome?

Answer 13

Hierarchical genome sequencing

Question 14

What are the three main steps of hierarchical genome sequencing?

Answer 14

1. Construction of Genetic Linkage map, which locates genes on chromosomes and includes recombination mapping
2. Physical mapping, construction of ordered clone maps, arrange overlapping large clones in order
3. Sequencing of ordered individual clones

Question 15

How is recombination used to map the human genome?

Answer 15

Proportion of crossovers occurring between two genes used to indicate distance between them, thus enabling construction of a genetic map illustrating how all genes in the genome are related in space

Question 16

True or False:
Before the Human Genome Project, there was already a rough idea of the organisation of the human genome and many genes had already been located to particular regions in the chromosomes.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

True or False:

The Human Genome Project was the first time genes began to be located to particular regions in the chromosomes.

Answer 17

False
Before the Human Genome Project, there was already a rough idea of the organisation of the human genome and many genes had already been located to particular regions in the chromosomes.