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MCBM exam 1 > genome, genes and molecular medicine-Kandpal > Flashcards

genome, genes and molecular medicine-Kandpal Flashcards

1
Q

differences in human and chimp genome

A

Absence of CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH) activity in humans

humans no longer convert Neu5Ac to Neu5Gc

humans become more susceptible to plasmodium falciparum (binds to 5Ac in humans) and chimps become susceptible to plasmodium reichenowl (binds to 5Gc in chimps)

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2
Q

CYP2C9

A

Drugs or xenobiotics are metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes.

CYP2C9 metabolizes coumadin (warfarin) a blood thinner.

Patients with CYP2C92 or CYP2C93 allele require lower dose of Warfarin as compared to CYP2C91 homozygous patients—> inactivates the drug slower than the CYP2C91 allele–> drug has a longer lasting effect.

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3
Q

VKORC1

A

Coumadin inhibits VKORC1 (vitamin K epoxide reductase) activity
VKORC1 converts vitamin K epoxide to reduced form of vitamin K
factors II, VII, IX, and X are vitamin K dependent proteins
If the drug remains in the system then vitamin K levels will not be sufficient for coagulation reactions.

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MCBM exam 1 (13 decks)

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