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Microbiology 2 > genital tract > Flashcards

genital tract Flashcards

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1
Q

common symptomof STDs

A

urethritis

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2
Q

what is the most commonly reported infectious disease in the US & Canada

A

Chlamydia

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3
Q

chlamydia serovars

A

A, B, Ba & C are isolated from trachoma - an eye infection leading to blindness

D through K are associated with genital tract

L1, L2, L2b,L2a & L3 are associated with lymphogranuloma venereum ( LGV)

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4
Q

what is the second most common reported infectious disease in US & Canada

A

Gonorrhea

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5
Q

symptoms of Gonorrhea urethritis

A

bacteria binds to columnar epithelium of GI tract

dysuria, discharge without urinary frequency

women often have no symptoms

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6
Q

specimen collection

A

pass a small swab a few cm into urethra or milk exudate onto slide for staining

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7
Q

what is diagnostic for N. gonorrhea

A

gram neg intracelluar diplococci in symptomatic male

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8
Q

routine culture

A

selective media ( fastidious )
CO2 environment

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9
Q

common causes of cervicitis

A

C. trachomatis, N.gonorrhea
mycoplasma & Ureaplasma

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10
Q

> 10 WBC/HPF of exudate is associated with

A

chlamydia & gonococcal infection

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11
Q

what is the most common vaginal infection of women in child bearing age

A

bacterial vaginosis
- when normal flora of vaginal microbiota is replaced by an overgrowth of specific organism

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12
Q

normal bacteria and pH of vagina

A

lactobacillus
pH 3.8 - 4.5

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13
Q

bacterial that may be present in BV
- aerobes & anaerobes

A

aerobes
- gardnerella vaginalis
- mycoplasma hominis
- ureoplasma

anaerobe
- prevotella
- porphyromonas
- peptostreptococcus
- mobiluncus

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14
Q

slinical signs of BV

A

clue cells
pH >4.5
thin white discharge
fishy odor when 10 % KOH added to vaginal secretions

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15
Q

what is a clue cell

A

on a gram stain an epithelial cell coated with bacteria ( usually gardnerella vaginalis)

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16
Q

lactobacillus
gardnerella & mobiluncus nugent scoring

A

lacto
4=0
3=1
2=2
1=3
0=4

gard
1=1 etc

mob
0=0
1&2=1
3&4=2

17
Q

scoring diagnosis

A

0-3 = normal
4-6 = altered vaginal flora
7-10 = BV

18
Q

symptoms of Trichomonas

A

a parasite that causes itching, burning, dysuria, lower abdominal pain, genital redness or soreness & smelly vaginal discharge

cervix is punctate & papilliform in appearance ( strawberry cervix)

19
Q

diagnosis of trichomonas

A

visualization of motile trichomonads in saline of vaginal fluid

culture & ID is gold standard

20
Q

candidiasis is called
and caused by

A

vaginal thrush ( not a true STI)
caused by Candida albicans

21
Q

when does candidiasis often occur

A

after use of broad range antibiotics

22
Q

what is the pH when a person has thrush

A

normal pH 3.8-4.5

23
Q

genital herpes are caused by

A

herpes simplex virus ( HSV)

24
Q

two types of HSV

A

HSV 1- oral
HSV 2- genital

25
Q

collection & transportation for HSV

A

vesicle fluids collected with a syringe or swab

cervical & mucosal swabs also collected

transported cold but NOT frozen

26
Q

what do cells show for HSV

A

intracellular granulations

27
Q

what is syphilis

A

a genital ucler disease caused by treponema pallidium

28
Q

symptoms of syphilis

A

primary-chancre
secondary- skin rash
tertiary- gummas form

congenital- deformaties, rash , jaundice, meningitis, deafness & blindness

29
Q

specimen for syphilis
& definitive method

A

lesion exudates
exam under darkfield microscope & DFA

30
Q

what is a chancroid

A

an ulcer caused by haemophilus ducrey
painful, inflammation & bubo formation
ragged or uneven edges & gray to yellow purulent exudate

31
Q

diagnosis of chancroid

A

ulcer lesion material of bubo aspirate

32
Q

H. ducrey microscopically

A

pleomorphic gram neg coccobacilli in school of fish formation or railroad tracks

Microbiology 2 (22 decks)

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