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Genital system Embryology Flashcards

0
Q

Cells or follicles arrested at various stages of Oogenesis

A

Secondary follicle

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1
Q

Period of indifferent gonads

A

7 weeks

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2
Q

Determines gonadal sex

A

Testes determining factor

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3
Q

Location of testes determining factor

A

Y chromosome

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4
Q

Spermatogonia/Oogonia is derived from

A

Primordial germ cells

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5
Q

Wolffian duct derivatives

A

Epididymis, vas deferens, Ejaculatory duct

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6
Q

Mullerian duct derivatives

A

Uterus, uterine tubes, upper vagina

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7
Q

Paramesonephros

A

Mullerian

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8
Q

Mesonephros

A

Wolffian

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9
Q

Cells that secrete testosterone and androstenedione

A

Leydig cells

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10
Q

Cells that secrete mullerian inhibiting hormone

A

Sertoli cells

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11
Q

Start of Gonad differentiation

A

8 weeks

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12
Q

Controls gametogenesis

A

FSH

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13
Q

Month of complete primary oocyte formation

A

5 months (dormant until puberty)

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14
Q

Oogenesis: Arrested at prophase of meiosis I

A

Primary oocytes

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15
Q

Completion of oogenesis meiosis I

A

Puberty

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16
Q

Outcome of completed oogenesis meiosis I

A

Secondary oocyte and first polar body

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17
Q

Oogenesis: Arrested at metaphase of meiosis II

A

Secondary oocyte (until fertilization)

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18
Q

Completion of oogenesis meiosis II

A

Fertilization

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19
Q

Outcome of completion of oogenesis meiosis II

A

Mature oocyte and second polar body

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20
Q

Week when primordial germ cells become gonads

A

4th week

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21
Q

Spermatogenesis/Oogenesis

Gonads remain dormant until puberty

A

Spermatogenesis

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22
Q

Spermatogenesis/Oogenesis

Gonads differentiate immediately

A

Oogenesis

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23
Q

Outcome of spermatogenesis meiosis I

A

Two secondary spermatocytes

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24
Q

Outcome of Spermatogenesis meiosis II

A

Four spermatids

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25
Q

Spermatogenesis / Oogenesis

Fetal life until menopause

26
Q

Spermatogenesis / Oogenesis

Fetal life until old age

A

Spermatogenesis

27
Q

Spermatogenesis / Oogenesis

Growth and differentiation period

A

Sperm: puberty until old age
Ovum: fetal life until birth

28
Q

End product of Spermatogenesis

A

4 sperm cells

29
Q

End product of Oogenesis

A

1 egg cell

30
Q

Number of chromosomes in a gamete after disjunction in meiosis

A

23 chromosomes

31
Q

Number of chromosomes in a gamete after nondisjunction in meiosis

A

22 chromosomes - monosomy

24 chromosomes - trisomy

32
Q

Stage of an embryo when it starts to implant on the endometrium

A

Blastocyst

33
Q

Week 1 of human development marked by what stage

A

Fertilization

34
Q

Result of fusion of male and female pro nuclei

35
Q

Blastomeres undergoing compaction

36
Q

Series of mitosis divisions of a zygote

37
Q

Endpoint of cleavage

A

Partitioned zygote forming a blastula with blastomeres

38
Q

Inner cell mass at the embryonic pole of the blastocyst

A

Embryoblast

39
Q

Outer cell mass of the blastocyst

A

Trophoblast

40
Q

Part of blastocyst that becomes the embryo

A

Embryoblast

41
Q

Part of blastocyst that becomes the placenta

A

Trophoblast

42
Q

Occurs 12-24 hours after ovulation

A

Fertilization

43
Q

30 hours after fertilization

A

2 cell stage

44
Q

3 days after fertilization

45
Q

5 days after fertilization

A

Blastocyst formation

46
Q

7 days after fertilization

A

Implantation

47
Q

Uterine location of normal implantation

A

Posterior superior aspect of uterus

48
Q

Implantation occurs at what phase of menstrual cycle

A

Secretory phase

49
Q

Most common location of tubal pregnancy

50
Q

Sertoli cells derived from

A

Mesenchyme

51
Q

Leydig cells derived from

A

Mesenchyme

52
Q

Stimulates Sertoli cells

53
Q

Stimulates leydig cells

54
Q

Week when Genital tubercle is produced from mesenchyme

55
Q

Period of indifferent external genitalia

56
Q

Result when phallus growth ceases

57
Q

Result when phallus growth continues

58
Q

Fused urogenital folds

A

Male frenulum

59
Q

UnFused urogenital folds

A

Female labia minora

60
Q

Fused labioscrotal swelling

61
Q

UnFused labioscrotal swelling

A

Labia majora

62
Q

Ventral external urethral opening

A

Hypospadia

May be at the ventral, body or junction of penis and scrotum

63
Q

Dorsal external urethral opening

Anatomy (10 decks)

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