Genital System

Question 0

Each urogenital ridge is in what location, and has how many portions? What are the portions?

Answer 0

Retroperitoneal location and has two portions- the nephrogenic cord (lateral) and gonadal ridge (medial).

Question 1

What type of mesoderm gives rise to genital system

Answer 1

Intermediate mesoderm

Question 2

Origin of primordial germ cells?

Answer 2

Yolk sack

Question 3

Describe the path of the primordial germ cells

Answer 3

Travel from the yolk sack, through the dorsal mesentery, to the gonadal ridge.

Question 4

What are the components of the Indifferent phase?

Answer 4

In weeks 1-6 the embryo contains a mesonephric(male) and paramesonephric(female) duct.

Question 5

What determines the genetic sex of individual?

What determines the phenotypic sex of individual?

Answer 5

Genetic- X or Y chromosome.

Phenotypic- presence of SRY that codes for TDF

Question 6

What do gonadal chord cells form from and what do they do?

Answer 6

Mesothelioma cord cells and they welcome the PGCs.

Question 7

Gonadal cord cells, under the presence of TDF, become what in males?

Answer 7

Sertoli cells

Question 8

Invagination of Sertoli cells (gonadal cords) form what in males?

Answer 8

Seminiferous tubules and rete testes

Question 9

Leydig cells produce what

Answer 9

Testosterone

Question 10

Testosterone induces mesonephric duct to form what?

Answer 10

Male genital ducts and external genitalia

Question 11

TDF stimulates what in male development?

Answer 11

Leydig cells to produce testosterone

Question 12

SRY codes for what?

Answer 12

TDF : testes-determining factor

Question 13

Leydig cells develop from what?

Answer 13

Mesenchyme of gonadal ridge.

Question 14

In males, Mesonephric tubules develop into

Answer 14

Efferent ductules

Question 15

In males, Mesonephric duct develops into

Answer 15

Epididymis, ductus deferens, seminal vesicle and ejaculatory duct.

Question 16

What cell releases MIH?

Answer 16

Sertoli cells

Question 17

MIH release causes what?

Answer 17

The paramesonephric duct to degenerate

Question 18

The mesonephric duct is associated with what gender?

Answer 18

Male

Question 19

The paramesonephric duct is associate w what gender?

Answer 19

Female

Question 20

The prostate and bulbourethral glands form from what

Answer 20

Outgrowths from the urogenital sinus

Question 21

Describe testicular descent and formation of spermatic cord. What is the gubernaculum?

Answer 21

The gubernaculum extends from the gonad to the labioscrotal swelling (future scrotal sac). As this ligament shortens, it pulls the testis, ductus deferens, and testicular vessels downward through the abdominal wall and eventually into the scrotal sac.

Question 22

What two cell types are important in ovary development?

Answer 22

Stromal cells and follicular cells

Question 23

Stromal cells form from what

Answer 23

Mesenchyme of gonadal ridge

Question 24

Follicular cells develop from what cells

Answer 24

Gonadal cord cells

Question 25

The follicular cells do what in ovary development

Answer 25

Surround PGCs and form ovarian follicles

Question 26

Female development is dependent on what

Answer 26

The lack of hormones: no SRY, no TDF

Question 27

In development, low testosterone causes what

Answer 27

The mesonephric duct to regress

Question 28

In development, no MIH causes what

Answer 28

Continued growth and development of Mullerian (paramesonephric) duct

Question 29

In females, the Müllerian duct forms what structures?

Answer 29

Uterine tubes, uterus, and superior vagina

Question 30

The inferior vagina is formed from what

Answer 30

Urogenital sinus

Question 31

How is urogenital sinus involved in vagina formation

Answer 31

Uterovaginal primordium contacts dorsal wall of urogenital sinus to form sinovaginal bulbs. These separate from sinus and fuse w uterovaginal primordium to form vaginal plate. The central cells degenerate forming vaginal canal

Question 32

Gubernaculum remnants in female?

Answer 32

Ovarian and round ligament

Question 33

Gubernaculum remnants in male?

Answer 33

Scrotal ligament