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Embryo exam 3 > Genital System > Flashcards

Genital System Flashcards

0
Q

Each urogenital ridge is in what location, and has how many portions? What are the portions?

A

Retroperitoneal location and has two portions- the nephrogenic cord (lateral) and gonadal ridge (medial).

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1
Q

What type of mesoderm gives rise to genital system

A

Intermediate mesoderm

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2
Q

Origin of primordial germ cells?

A

Yolk sack

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3
Q

Describe the path of the primordial germ cells

A

Travel from the yolk sack, through the dorsal mesentery, to the gonadal ridge.

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4
Q

What are the components of the Indifferent phase?

A

In weeks 1-6 the embryo contains a mesonephric(male) and paramesonephric(female) duct.

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5
Q

What determines the genetic sex of individual?

What determines the phenotypic sex of individual?

A

Genetic- X or Y chromosome.

Phenotypic- presence of SRY that codes for TDF

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6
Q

What do gonadal chord cells form from and what do they do?

A

Mesothelioma cord cells and they welcome the PGCs.

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7
Q

Gonadal cord cells, under the presence of TDF, become what in males?

A

Sertoli cells

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8
Q

Invagination of Sertoli cells (gonadal cords) form what in males?

A

Seminiferous tubules and rete testes

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9
Q

Leydig cells produce what

A

Testosterone

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10
Q

Testosterone induces mesonephric duct to form what?

A

Male genital ducts and external genitalia

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11
Q

TDF stimulates what in male development?

A

Leydig cells to produce testosterone

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12
Q

SRY codes for what?

A

TDF : testes-determining factor

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13
Q

Leydig cells develop from what?

A

Mesenchyme of gonadal ridge.

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14
Q

In males, Mesonephric tubules develop into

A

Efferent ductules

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15
Q

In males, Mesonephric duct develops into

A

Epididymis, ductus deferens, seminal vesicle and ejaculatory duct.

16
Q

What cell releases MIH?

A

Sertoli cells

17
Q

MIH release causes what?

A

The paramesonephric duct to degenerate

18
Q

The mesonephric duct is associated with what gender?

A

Male

19
Q

The paramesonephric duct is associate w what gender?

A

Female

20
Q

The prostate and bulbourethral glands form from what

A

Outgrowths from the urogenital sinus

21
Q

Describe testicular descent and formation of spermatic cord. What is the gubernaculum?

A

The gubernaculum extends from the gonad to the labioscrotal swelling (future scrotal sac). As this ligament shortens, it pulls the testis, ductus deferens, and testicular vessels downward through the abdominal wall and eventually into the scrotal sac.

22
Q

What two cell types are important in ovary development?

A

Stromal cells and follicular cells

23
Q

Stromal cells form from what

A

Mesenchyme of gonadal ridge

24
Q

Follicular cells develop from what cells

A

Gonadal cord cells

25
Q

The follicular cells do what in ovary development

A

Surround PGCs and form ovarian follicles

26
Q

Female development is dependent on what

A

The lack of hormones: no SRY, no TDF

27
Q

In development, low testosterone causes what

A

The mesonephric duct to regress

28
Q

In development, no MIH causes what

A

Continued growth and development of Mullerian (paramesonephric) duct

29
Q

In females, the Müllerian duct forms what structures?

A

Uterine tubes, uterus, and superior vagina

30
Q

The inferior vagina is formed from what

A

Urogenital sinus

31
Q

How is urogenital sinus involved in vagina formation

A

Uterovaginal primordium contacts dorsal wall of urogenital sinus to form sinovaginal bulbs. These separate from sinus and fuse w uterovaginal primordium to form vaginal plate. The central cells degenerate forming vaginal canal

32
Q

Gubernaculum remnants in female?

A

Ovarian and round ligament

33
Q

Gubernaculum remnants in male?

A

Scrotal ligament

Embryo exam 3 (2 decks)

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