genital disorders

Question 1

prostate cancer risk?

Answer 1

obseiry, hx cancer, AA and older age

Question 2

what medications can cause erectile dysfunction

Answer 2

antihypertensives, antidepressants, cimetidine

Question 3

ED tx includes:

Answer 3

meds:
1. PDE -5 inhibitors (sildenafil, vardenafil, avanafil, tadalafil) - increase NO effects . take 1 hours before sex.

half life of most are 4-5 hours. except tadalafil is 17 hours

2. injectiom alprostadil )caverject) can also be a pellet inserted into urethra (muse)
3. vaccume devices
4. elastic band
5. vessel repair or implantation devices

Question 4

varocele is described as?

Answer 4

bag of worms - usually left scrotum and disappears in supine position. due to dialted spermatic vein in scrotum.

Question 5

Any changes in fertility in varocele?

Answer 5

unknown. but decreased sperm count and increase in abnormal forms see, some have normal fertility.

Question 6

tx varocele

Answer 6

open surgery, laparoscopic agent, percut embolization , scrotal support for relief

Question 7

testicular torsion S&S

Answer 7

twisting of testis and sperm cord that cayse unulateral scrotal pain and swelling. absent cremasteric reflex and pain not relieved by elevation. risk if intermittent pain in past. low color flow on soppler US

Question 8

Tx testicular torsion

Answer 8

surgery for detorsion in 6 hours

bilateral orchippexy can be done to reduce likelihood of another attack

Question 9

what are the risks of prostate cancer?

Answer 9

40% lifetime risk. 10% clinical diagnosis. 3% death

Question 10

PSA normals and diagnostic of prostate cancer?

Answer 10

PSA normal younger 10

diagnostic is biopsy and pathology

Question 11

When do you start screening for Prostate cancer?

Answer 11

Screen at 50 if low risk, 40-45 if high risk. complete DRE and PSA

2.5 screen annually

Question 12

S&S prostate cancer?

Answer 12

elevated PSA

DRE discrete painless lesion or area of induration in poserior lobe , sometimes ormal until advanced dx