Genital development

Question 1

What are genital ridges

Answer 1

Ridges of mesenchyme and epithelium

Question 2

At what week do primordial germ cells (PGC) migrate to the genital ridge

Answer 2

week 6

Question 3

If primordial genital cells (PGC’s) do not make it to the genital ridges what will happen

Answer 3

gonads will not develop

Question 4

In males what do the primitive sex cords form

Answer 4

testis cords

Question 5

What are the testis cords composed of

Answer 5

sertoli cells
Germ cells

Question 6

what cells are between the testis cords and what to get produce

Answer 6

Leydig
Testosteron

Question 7

In males the primitive sex cords
a) develop
b) regress

Answer 7

a

Question 8

In females, primitive sex cords

a)develop
b)regress

Answer 8

b

Question 9

In females which cords develop

Answer 9

cortical

Question 10

Germ cell + surrounding cells =

Answer 10

primordial follicle

Question 11

at what point in development is sex determines

Answer 11

fertilisation

Question 12

T/F the gonad is undifferentiated at fertilisation until week 7

Answer 12

True

Question 13

In the undifferentiated gonad what are the 2 pairs of ducts

Answer 13

mesonphric (mullerian)
paramesonphric (wolfian)

Question 14

At what point do the gonads begin to differentiate

Answer 14

week 7

Question 15

What occurs in male gonadal differentiation

Answer 15

SRY gene = development of the testes
anti mullerian hormone causes paramesonephric (mullerian) ducts regress

Question 16

what occurs in female gonadal differentiation

Answer 16

absence of SRY gene
WNT4 required for ovarian development
Oestrogen causes differentiation and paramesonephric (wolfian) ducts develop

Question 17

Describe the paramesonephric (mullerian) genital duct

Answer 17

-it opens into the abdominal cavity at the rostral end
-caudal ends meet in the midline
-projects into the urogenital sinuses

Question 18

Describe the mesonephric (wolffian) genital duct and what influence they develop under

Answer 18

-testosterone
-form the vas defers
-distal end opens into the urogenital sinus and. absorbed into the bladder so ureter and duct enter separately

Question 19

where do the seminal vesicles develop from

Answer 19

vas deferents

Question 20

which cells produce anti mullerian hormone

Answer 20

Sertoli cells

Question 21

what does production of anti mullerian hormone cause

Answer 21

regression of paramesonephric ducts

Question 22

what parts of the Paramesonephric ducts form the uterus, cervix and upper vagina

Answer 22

caudal parts

Question 23

what is a septet uterus

Answer 23

uterine septum doesn’t regress

Question 24

What is a unicornuate uterus

Answer 24

one of paramesonephric ducts doesn’t develop

Question 25

What is a bicornuate uterus

Answer 25

Partial fusion of the paramesonephric ducts

Question 26

What is duplication in the uterus (Didelphys)

Answer 26

Paramesonephric ducts dont fuse

Question 27

What are the key structures external genitalia

Answer 27

genital tubercle
Urethral folds
Urethral groove
Genital swellings

Question 28

List key structures in female external genitalia

Answer 28

genital tubercle - clitoris
urethral folds - labia minor
urethrea groove - vestibule
Genitlal swellings - labia majora

Question 29

List the key structure in male external genitalia

Answer 29

Genital tubercle - elongated to penis
Urethral folds - fuse to penile urethra
Genital swellings - scrotum

Question 30

what is the male genital anomaly hypospadias

Answer 30

Urethral folds dont fuse right
Urethral opening/s on ventral surface of penis

Question 31

what is the male genital anomaly epispadias

Answer 31

urethra open on dorm of penis

Question 32

Lower vagina develops from the _______ ____

Answer 32

urogenital sinus