Genetikk Flashcards

1
Q

Allel

A

Bestemt gen i ulike utgaver

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2
Q

Aneuploide avvik

A

Ikke hele sett med kromosomer

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3
Q

Autosomale kromosomer

A

Ikke kjønnskromosomer. 22 par

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4
Q

DNAs strukturelle oppbygning

A

Dobbel heliks—> kromatin —> Kromosom

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5
Q

Dominant/recessive

A

A og a

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6
Q

Gen

A

Del av DNA som gir opphav til gen/ protein

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7
Q

Genotype/fenotype

A

Hvilke alleler / karakteristisk trekk

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8
Q

Heterosis

A

Øker heterozygot. Motsatt av innavl

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9
Q

Heterozygot

A

Ulike alleler (Bb, bB)

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10
Q

Homozygot

A

Samme allel AA, aa

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11
Q

Hyperploidi

A

For mange sett (downs)

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12
Q

Hypoploidi

A

For få sett (Turners)

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13
Q

Innavl

A

Recessiv sykdom

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14
Q

Kjønnskromosom

A

1 par. 1 maternelt. 1 paternelt

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15
Q

Locus (loci)

A

Sted på et bestemt kromosom som et gitt gen hører hjemme

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16
Q

Major-gen

A

Gen ansvarlig for variasjon (fenotype)

17
Q

Maternelt og paternelt

A

Fra far og mor

18
Q

Monogene

A

Sykdom som skyldes feil i ett gen

19
Q

Multifaktorell sykdom

A

Skyldes polygen + miljø

20
Q

Numerisk avvik

A

Feil i antall kromosom

21
Q

Polygen

A

Sykdom som skyldes feil i flere gen

22
Q

Polyploide avvik

A

Flere utgaver av samme gen. Eks triploidi (3.stk.)

23
Q

Strukturell avvik

A

Feil i strukturen til kromosomet (mindre/flere deler)