genetika Flashcards

1
Q

genetika

A

veda o dedičnosti a premenlivosti živých organizmov

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2
Q

dedičnosť

A

prenos vlastností z rodičov na potomkov

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3
Q

premenlivosť

A

variabilita

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4
Q

genetické rozdiely

A

podmienené génmi

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5
Q

negenetické rozdiely

A

podmienené prostredím

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6
Q

gén

A

základná funkčná jednotka dedičnosti - úsek molekuly DNA

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7
Q

Johann Gregor Mendel

A

zakladateľ genetiky

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8
Q

alely

A

viaceré formy jedného génu

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9
Q

genóm

A

súbor všetkých génov jednej bunky

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10
Q

genotyp

A

súbor génov jedného organizmu

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11
Q

chromozóny

A

útvary, v ktorých je organizovaná DNA

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12
Q

autozómy

A

chromozómy, ktoré majú svoj pár

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12
Q

gonozómy

A

chromozóny, ktoré pár nemajú

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13
Q

znak

A

vzniká realizáciou génu v konkrétnych podmienkách

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14
Q

fenotyp

A

súbor všetkých znakov jedného organizmu

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