Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science 7 > Genetics Vocabulary > Flashcards

Genetics Vocabulary Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What do chromosomes occur in?

A

Pairs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How many pairs of chromosomes are there?

A

23

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How many individual chromosomes are there?

A

46

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Because chromosomes are paired, what are they?

A

Diploid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How many chromosomes do you get from your mom and dad?

A

Half from each

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where do chromosomes store genes?

A

The nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a gene?

A

Blueprint of a cell and chromosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When does the body look at the gene?

A

If they need to repair/make something

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does a gene make?

A

Protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does a parent cell equal?

A

Two identical daughter cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What happens during asexual reproduction?

A

One cell divides into two

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What happens during budding?

A

Part of a parent cell separates and becomes new cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What reproduces with spores?

A

Mold and yeast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a spore?

A

A reproductive cell with hard covering that sits until right condition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is regeneration?

A

Regrowing a cut pay part/whole organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does Mitosis create?

A

Identical daughter cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the first phase of Mitosis?

A

Interphase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is interphase?

A

A preparation phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What do cells do at interphase?

A

Spend most of their time here

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What do genes do during interphase?

A

Copied and duplicated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the second phase of Mitosis?

A

Prophase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What happens to the nuclear membrane during prophase?

A

Disappears

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What forms during prophase?

A

Spindle fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What do the spindle fibers do?

A

Coil and look like X’s or sister chromatids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the third phase of Mitosis?

A

Metaphase

26
Q

What happens during metaphase?

A

Sister chromatids line up at the center

27
Q

What is the fourth phase of Mitosis?

A

Anaphase

28
Q

What happens to the sister chromatids during anaphase?

A

Separate into two chromosomes

29
Q

What do the chromosomes do during anaphase?

A

Move to opposite ends of the cell

30
Q

What is the fifth phase of Mitosis?

A

Telophase

31
Q

Where do the chromosomes arrive during telophase?

A

Poles

32
Q

What happens to the nuclear membrane during telophase?

A

Reforms

33
Q

What is the sixth and last phase of Mitosis?

A

Cytokinesis

34
Q

What does cytokinesis complete?

A

Division

35
Q

What do each daughter cell get?

A

Their own cytoplasm/organelles

36
Q

what does DNA stand for?

A

deoxyribonucleic acid

37
Q

what is DNA?

A

two strands of nucleotides forming a twisted ladder structure

38
Q

what does a nucleotide compose?

A

DNA

39
Q

what is a nucleotide made of?

A

sugar, phosphate, and a base

40
Q

what are the four bases?

A

adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine

41
Q

what does adenine link to?

A

thymine

42
Q

what does guanine link to?

A

cytosine

43
Q

what is DNA replication?

A

one DNA molecule makes two

44
Q

what happens during interphase with DNA?

A

copies the chromosomes

45
Q

what does RNA stand for?

A

ribonucleic acid

46
Q

what is RNA similar to?

A

DNA

47
Q

what is RNA?

A

a single strand of nucleotides

48
Q

what does RNA help make?

A

proteins

49
Q

what is RNA formed from?

A

DNA

50
Q

what does mRNA stand for?

A

messenger RNA

51
Q

what does mRNA contain?

A

a copy of DNA’s coded “message” for making proteins

52
Q

what does tRNA stand for?

A

transfer RNA

53
Q

what does tRNA decipher?

A

“message” in mRNA to make required proteins

54
Q

what is a ribosome?

A

an organelle where proteins are formed

55
Q

what is protein synthesis?

A

manufacture of proteins inside ribosome

56
Q

what are amino acids?

A

compounds that make up proteins

57
Q

what is a mutation?

A

a change in an organism’s genetic material

58
Q

what are the three different types of mutations?

A

neutral, harmful, or lethal

59
Q

what does neutral mean?

A

no affect on the organism

60
Q

what are two mutations that are harmful?

A

albinism or sickle cell anemia

61
Q

what is one disease that is lethal?

A

sickle cell anemia

Science 7 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions