Genetics Test

Question 1

The double helix describes the shape of what?

Answer 1

DNA

Question 2

The blending together of the genes for a trait result in what?

Answer 2

Incomplete Dominance

Question 3

The physical appearance of an organism is called its what?

Answer 3

Phenotype

Example having blue eyes

Question 4

What uses lines and symbols to trace a trait from one generation to another?

Answer 4

Pedigree

Question 5

What shows the genetic possibilities of a particular trait that can result for offspring of a specific pair of parents?

Answer 5

Punnet Square

Question 6

What is a genetic disease that affects a persons lungs and digestive system?

Answer 6

Cystic fibrosis

Question 7

What is a genetic disease that causes a persons red blood cells to be hard and curved?

Answer 7

Sickle cell anemia

Question 8

What’s an inherited physical characteristic called?

Answer 8

Traits (don’t confuse with phenotype—phenotype is (genetics) the appearance of an organism based on a multifactorial combination of genetic traits and environmental factors, especially used in pedigrees while trait is an identifying characteristic, habit or trend.)

Question 9

Small sections of DNA that control the traits of an organism are called what?

Answer 9

Genes

Question 10

What is the molecule carrying the chemical code that tells cells what to do?

Answer 10

DNA

Question 11

Who discovered the shape of the DNA molecule?

Answer 11

Francis Crick and James Watson

Question 12

James Watson and Francis Crick discovered what? 

Answer 12

The shape of the DNA molecule

Question 13

What is heredity?

Answer 13

Passing of traits from parent to offspring (example: you get your blue eyes from your mom, that is what you inherited from her)

Question 14

What geneticist used squares to determine genetic outcomes and predict probabilities?

Answer 14

Reginald Punnett

Question 15

What are purebred plants?

Answer 15

A plant is purebred if it shows the same trait for many generations when naturally pollinated

Question 16

This type of gene is always expressed if it is present in a persons chromosomes

Answer 16

Dominant

Question 17

What occurs when a chromosome makes an extra copy of itself, which causes some disabilities?

Answer 17

Down Syndrome

Question 18

What is the difference in the same trait and is why siblings don’t exactly look like?

Answer 18

Variations of traits

Question 19

What factors can affect an organisms traits?

Answer 19

Inherited and environmental factors

Question 20

What are tightly coiled strands of DNA found in cells called?

Answer 20

Chromosome

Question 21

What is a characteristic hidden in the hybrid generation but appears in later generations when no dominant factor is inherited?

Answer 21

A recessive trait (for example a grandparent has blue eyes both parents of a child have brown eyes but the child is born with blue eyes)

Question 22

What is the difference between a hybrid and purebred

Answer 22

A purebred plant has gene pairs that are the same a hybrid plant has gene pairs that are different (An example with dogs two black labs bred together makes a purebred black lab; a black lab and a poodle bred together makes a hybrid dog of a Labradoodle)

Question 23

Who is the father of genetics?

Answer 23

Gregor Mendel

Question 24

What is an example of a sex linked trait?

Answer 24

Color blindness

Question 25

What is changing a gene or moving some of one organisms genes into another organism called?

Answer 25

Genetic engineering