Genetics Study flashcards

Question 1

Genetics

Answer 1

The scientific study of heredity

Question 2

Heredity

Answer 2

Passing of traits from parents to offspring

Question 3

Traits

Answer 3

observable characteristics (EX: Eye color)

Question 4

Offspring

Answer 4

A person’s child or children

Question 5

Gregor Mendel

Answer 5

Experimented with pea plants to observe how genetics work.

1822-1884

Question 6

Purebred

Answer 6

The product of many generations with same trait

Question 7

Fertilization

Answer 7

Egg and sperm join, combine DNA

Question 8

Alleles

Answer 8

2 forms of a trait

Question 9

Dominant

Answer 9

traits are always physically expressed when you inherit 1.
(BB) (Bb)

Question 10

Recessive

Answer 10

Often dominated, only expressed when paired with another recessive (bb)

Question 11

Phenotype

Answer 11

The physical expression or appearance.

Question 12

Genotype

Answer 12

The type of genes/alleles inherited

Question 13

Homozygous

Answer 13

Inherit 2 of the same alleles

Question 14

Heterozygous

Answer 14

1 of each allele

Question 15

Codominance

Answer 15

2 different dominat alleles match up, both get equally expressed

Question 16

Punnet Square

Answer 16

Tool used to determine possible phenotypes/genotypes of offspring.

Question 17

(XX) (XY)

Answer 17

• 23rd chromosone
• sex chromosone

Question 18

XX

Answer 18

Female

Question 19

XY

Answer 19

Male

Question 20

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)

Answer 20

Chemical instructions for all living organisms

-discovered in 1869

Question 21

James Watson + Francis Crick

Answer 21

“Discovered” the structure/shape (twisted ladder) of DNA in 1953

Question 22

Rosalind Franklin

Answer 22

Discovered the shape of DNA, work was “borrowed” from Watson+Crick