Genetics: Punnet Squares Flashcards
Define Genetics
The scientific study of genes and heredity
Who was Gregor Mendel?
The Father of Genetics
What is the Blending Theory of Inheritance?
A theory stating that the progeny inherits any characteristics as the average of the parent’s values of that characteristic.
What is Heredity?
The specific mechanisms by which characteristics or traits are passed from one generation to the next via genes.
What is Artificial Fertilization?
A procedure by which one manually deposits a sperm suspension into the female reproductive tract to overcome logistical problems associated with natural mating.
What is Pollination?
The act of transferring pollen grains from the male anther of a flower to the female stigma.
What is Cross Pollination?
The process of applying pollen from one flower to the pistils of another flower.
What is Self Pollination?
The transfer of pollen from the anther of a flower to the stigma of the same flower or sometimes to that of a genetically identical flower (as of the same plant or clone).
What are hybrids?
Offspring of parents that differ in genetically determined traits.
What is F1?
Filial 1, the first filial generation seeds/plants or animal offspring resulting from a cross-mating of distinctly different parental types.
What are Alleles?
One of two or more DNA sequences occurring at a particular gene locus.
What are Genotypes?
The complete heritable genetic identity.
What are Phenotypes?
The observable characteristics in an individual resulting from the expression of genes.
What does it mean to be heterozygous?
The presence of two different alleles at a particular gene locus.
What does it mean to be homozygous?
The presence of two identical alleles at a particular gene locus.
