genetics pt 2

Question 1

chromosome

Answer 1

a long strand of DNA and associated proteins present in the nucleus of a cell

Question 2

how many pairs of chromosomes in humans, cattle and dogs

Answer 2

humans -23
cattle- 30
doga- 39

Question 3

gene

Answer 3

the basic physical unit of heredity consisting of a DNA sequence at a specific location on a chromosome (just short segments)

Question 4

locus

Answer 4

the location of a gene on a chromosome (each locus is a pair of genes)

Question 5

alleles

Answer 5

the parental genes

Question 6

alleles description

Answer 6

an alternative for of a gene, must be functionally different, only two alleles in a locus per time, but could be multiple alleles

Question 7

homolobs

Answer 7

chromosomes of a cell are paired as homologs (matching) form mom and dad

Question 8

order of alleles

Answer 8

the uppercase listed first o most dominant, not based on gender,

Question 9

genotype

Answer 9

the combo of alleles at a specific location

Question 10

one locus genotypes

Answer 10

if just two alleles, there are there combos (JJ, Jj, jj)

Question 11

if there are more alleles?

Answer 11

only two can be expressed at a time

Question 12

homozygous

Answer 12

functionally the same (AA, aa)

Question 13

heterozygous

Answer 13

functionally different (Aa)

Question 14

ratio

Answer 14

expectation of results

Question 15

rule 1

Answer 15

The probability of two independent events occurring
together is the product of the probabilities of their individual occurrences (R=0.5, R=0.5, PROBABILTY = 0.25)

Question 16

rule 2

Answer 16

The probability of one or the other of two mutually
exclusive events occurring is equal to the sum of the
probabilities of their individual occurrences