Genetics of Cancer

Question 1

What are the core properties of Cancer Cells?

Answer 1

1. Uncontrolled Proliferation
2. Immortalization
3. Protection from Antiproliferative signaling
4. Protection from apoptosis
5. Angiogenesis
6. Invasion and metastasis

Question 2

Proto-oncogene conversion by deletion or point mutation results in?

Answer 2

Hyperactivity

Question 3

Proto-oncogene conversion by Gene Amplification results in?

Answer 3

Overexpression

Question 4

Proto-oncogene conversion by Chromosomal rearrangement that produces novel promoter?

Answer 4

Overexpression

Question 5

Proto-oncogene conversion by Chromosomal rearrangement that produces a new coding region?

Answer 5

Novel Product

Question 6

Tumor Suppressor RB1 is responsible for what?

Answer 6

Cell Cycle control

Question 7

Tumor Suppressor RB1 mutation can result in what familial disorder?

Answer 7

Retinoblastoma

Question 8

Tumor Suppressor RB1 mutation can result in what sporadic (somatic) disorder?

Answer 8

Small cell lung carcinoma

Question 9

Tumor Suppressor TP53 is responsible for what?

Answer 9

p53

Cell cycle control

Question 10

Tumor Suppressor TP53 mutation can result in what familial disorder?

Answer 10

Li-Fraumeni Syndrome

Question 11

Tumor Suppressor TP53 mutation can result in what Sporadic (Somatic) disorder?

Answer 11

Lung and breast cancer

Question 12

Tumor Suppressor BRCA1 is responsible for what?

Answer 12

DS Break Repair

Question 13

Tumor Suppressor BRCA1 mutation can result in what familial disorder?

Answer 13

Familial Breast Cancer

Question 14

Tumor Suppressor BRCA1 mutation can result in what Sporadic (Somatic) disorder?

Question 15

Tumor Suppressor NF1 is responsible for what?

Answer 15

GTPase Activator

Question 16

Tumor Suppressor NF1 mutation can result in what familial disorder?

Answer 16

Neurofibro-matosis

Question 17

How is Retinoblastoma treated?

Answer 17

Radioiodine or cryotherapy to remove tumor if diagnosed at an early stage and continued surveillance.

Question 18

What is the most common ocular malignancy?

Answer 18

Retinoblastoma

Question 19

Describe Knudson’s Hypothesis

Answer 19

• In familial form, only one mutation event is needed to make a cell w/o Rb product.
  
  • Thus tumors occor more frequently
• Sporadic form, two mutations (one in each allele) and in the same cell are needed to knock out Rb.
  
  • Much rarer.