Genetics Notes Flashcards
These are the notes we got on Thursday, February 29th, 2024 for Honors Biology
What is genetics?
It is used to understand how characteristics are passed from parents to offspring
Who founded genetics?
Gregor Mendel
What are the binomial nomenclature rules?
1) First letter of first word capitalized
2) Second word all lowercase
3) If typed, written in italics
What are the seven characteristics that Mendel tested?
Flower color flower position, seed color, seed shape, pod shape, pod color, and stem length
What are the dominant forms of the traits of the pea plants that Mendel tested?
Purple flowers, axial flower position, yellow seed colors, round seed shape, inflated pod shape, green pod color, and tall stem length
What are the two types of pollination?
Self and Cross
How does one do cross pollination?
You remove the anthers from a flower and manually transfer the pollen to the stigma of another flower
What was the first generation of plants called?
The p1 generation
What was the second generation of plants called
F1 generation
What was the third generation of plants called?
F2 generation
What did Mendel conclude from his experiments?
Something must be controlling the appearance of the traits (factors/genes); each characteristic contains 2 traits, so there must be two factors controlling each trait
Dominant alleles controlled which generation?
F1
Recessive alleles reappeared in which generation?
F2
If a recessive factor is paired with a dominant factor, can you see the recessive trait in the offspring?
NO
True or False: Dominant alleles get lowercase letters
False: Dominant alleles get uppercase letters and recessive alleles get lowercase letter
