Genetics Midterm Review Sheet (Sarah) Flashcards

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1
Q

Huntington disease is the result of a HAPLO-insufficient mutation.

A

False

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2
Q

Klinefelter syndrome (when an individual has GENOTYPE XXY) can be the result of non-disjunction in Meiosis 2 of the father. (Aka: father can only get XYY)

A

False

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3
Q

What is the difference between trisomy and triploidy? Give a short definition of each and indicate what each means in terms of “n”. (Remember “n” refers to the number of chromosomes)

A

Trisomy: Has one extra copy of chromosome, causing developmental abnormalities.

2n+1

Triploidy: Has an extra third copy of all chromosomes, and is often always fatal.

3n

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4
Q

Answer the following questions about a cell that is 2n=4 in mitosis.

How many chromatids are present in the metaphase plate?

A

8

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5
Q

Answer the following questions about a cell that is 2n=4 in mitosis.

How many bivalents (CHROMOSOMES) are present?

A

0 because there are no homologous in mitosis/tetrads

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6
Q

Answer the following questions about a cell that is 2n=4 in mitosis.

What are being separated at anaphase?

A

Sister chromatids

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7
Q

Answer the following questions about a cell that is 2n=4 in Meiosis:

How many chromatids are present on the metaphase plate?

Meiosis 1:
Meiosis 2:

A

M1: 8
M2: 4

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8
Q

Answer the following questions about a cell that is 2n=4 in Meiosis:

How many tetrads are present?

Meiosis 1:
Meiosis 2:

A

M1: 2
M2: 0

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9
Q

Answer the following questions about a cell that is 2n=4 in Meiosis:

What are being separated at anaphase?

Meiosis 1:
Meiosis 2:

A

M1: homologous
M2: sister chromatids

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10
Q

Galactosemia is a RECESSIVE human disease that is treatable by restricting lactose and glucose in the diet. Sally Smithers and her husband are both HETEROZYGOUS (a/A or B/b) for the galactosemia gene.

Sally is pregnant with twins. If she has fraternal twins (2 events)/(non-identical) twins, what is the probability that both girls will have galactosemia?

A

1/21/21/4**1/4= 1/64

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11
Q

Galactosemia is a RECESSIVE human disease that is treatable by restricting lactose and glucose in the diet. Sally Smithers and her husband are both HETEROZYGOUS (a/A or B/b) for the galactosemia gene.

If she has identical twins (1 event) what is the probability that both girls will have galactosemia?

A

1/2*1/4=1/8

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12
Q

Galactosemia is a RECESSIVE human disease that is treatable by restricting lactose and glucose in the diet. Sally Smithers and her husband are both HETEROZYGOUS (a/A or B/b) for the galactosemia gene.

If Sally and her husband have four children, what is the probability that none of the four will have galactosemia? Assume that there are NO twins.

A

3/43/43/4*3/4=81/256

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