Genetics Information

Question 1

Why did Mendel use pea plants in his studies?

Answer 1

Male and female parts included in the pea plant (reproduce sexually)
Peas were easy to grow
Peas grew fast
Peas produce many offspring
Each character of pea plants comes in two contrasting varieties

Question 2

What were the 7 traits that Mendel studied in his garden peas?

Answer 2

Seed shape
seed color
flower color
pod shape
pod color
flower position
plant height

Question 3

What is the difference between a monohybrid cross and dihybrid cross?

Answer 3

Monohybrid cross- used to examine the distribution of one set of genes during reproduction
Dihybrid cross- used to examine the distribution of more than one set of genes during reproduction

Question 4

What was the “P” generation in Mendel’s studies?

Answer 4

The true-bred plants served as the parent generation (or “P” generation)

Question 5

What was the F1 and F2 generation?

Answer 5

The F1 generation was the first “filial” or daughter generation, the F2 generation was the second daughter generation.

Question 6

Explain the principle of segregation.

Answer 6

A gamete is made up of two alleles, these alleles then separate to deliver either a dominant or recessive allele. (you would receive one allele from your mom and one from your dad)

Question 7

What is the difference between a homozygous and heterozygous genotype.

Answer 7

Homozygous = alleles are all the same

Heterozygous = both alleles are different

Question 8

Explain the Law of Independent Assortment.

Answer 8

Two or more pairs of genes separate independently of one another during gamete formation, creating at least four different combinations.

Question 9

What is meant by the term gamete?

Answer 9

The reproductive cells (egg or sperm)