Genetics: Heredity and Inheritance Flashcards
Where did Greor Mendel live?
Austria
What was Greor Mendel’s occupation
Monk.
What organism did Greor Mendel experiment with?
Pea Plants
When did Greor Mendel make his discoveries?
When he was at the Montessori.
Gametes
A reproductive cell in an animal or plant. Female-egg, Male-sperm
Alleles
Letter of Genotype
One of a pair of genes that determines a specific genetic trait.
A variety of a gene.
Genotype
Unique sequence of DNA (letters)
A written code of that expresses the inherited combination of alleles in an organism (CC, Cc, cc).
Gene composition.
Phenotype
The observable characteristics of an organism (physical)
The actual physical properties of an organism (height, weight, hair color).
Traits displayed from a gene.
Chromosomes
Structure inside the nucleus
Compacted DNA
Gene
The basic unit (DNA) of heredity passed from parent to child.
A section of a chromosome that codes for a trait.
Number of chromosomes in a Gamete?
23
Number of chromosomes in each cell of our body?
46
Homozygous
An organism that carries two dominant or two recessive alleles for a particular trait (TT, tt)
Same size letters (AA, aa)
Purebread
Two of the same alleles.
Heterozygous
An organism that carries both a dominant and a recessive allele for a particular trait (Tt)
Different size letters (Aa)
Hybrid
Pedigree
A diagram of family relationships
Codominance
A gene is dominant or recessive
Two alleles are present which are in contrast with each other and both of them express their characteristics freely.
Both alleles expressed equally.
Red flower + white flower = red and white flower (play dough)
Incomplete Dominance
Two alleles, which are in contrast with each other, are present but neither is dominant.
Alleles blend.
Red flower + white flower = pink flower
