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Genetics > Genetics Exam 3 Review > Flashcards

Genetics Exam 3 Review Flashcards

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1
Q

T or F Oligonucleotides require restriction sites?

A

False

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2
Q

Which chemical’s mutations cannot be reversed?

A

Hydroxylamine

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3
Q

What causes DNA damage resulting in thymine dimers?

A

UV light

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4
Q

Which of the following is an example of a transversion and not a transition mutation?

A

A > C or T

Purine replaced by a pyrimidine or vice versa

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5
Q

Which of the following disorders is not caused by expanding trinucleotide repeats?

A

Down syndrome

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6
Q

These are mobile DNA sequences that allow genes to translocate from one loci to another

A

Transposable elements

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7
Q

What disease is caused by a deletion in chromosome 15?

A

Prader-willi syndrome

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8
Q

What is the unit of measurement in physical maps?

A

Base pairs

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9
Q

What type of mutations must occur to get the following chromosome sequence from the original?

A

One was a duplication and translocation and the other one was just duplication

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10
Q

T or F Allopolyploidy arises from hybridization between two species; the resulting polyploid carries chromosome sets derived from two or more species?

A

True

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11
Q

T or F Turner syndrome, down syndrome and Klienfelter syndrome are caused by aneuploidy?

A

True

Aneuploidy refers to variations in chromosome numbers

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12
Q

T or F Adjacent-1 and adjacent-2 segregation occur at the same frequency

A

False

Adjacent-1 is more common and adjacent-2 is rarer because the two homologous chromosomes usually separate in meiosis

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13
Q

T or F During replicative transposition, transposable elements are exchanged between homologous chromosomes

A

False

Does not have to be homologous chromosomes

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14
Q

In an individual, chromosomes can form an inversion loop during pairing in prophase I. With one crossing over, a structure, a dicentric bridge, forms where one chromatid has two centromeres and one lacks a centromere. What chromosomal rearrangement is this present in?

A

Paracentric inversions

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15
Q

Non-reciprocal translocations demonstrate which type of mechanism?

A

Cut and Paste

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16
Q

What type of mutation alters the amino acid sequence but does not change the function of the protein?

A 
Neutral mutation
(Silent mutations are mutations within the codon that gives the same amino acid in the end, does not result in altered amino acid sequence or function)
17
Q

T or F Hydroxyamine causes mutations that are not reversible

A

True

18
Q

What type of DNA repair mechanism does not repair pyrimidine dimers?

A

Mismatch repair

19
Q

Before replicative transposition a single copy of the transposable element is found on only one DNA molecule. During replicative transposition two DNA molecules are joined together into a fused A+B molecule with two copies of the transposable element. This is called?

A

Cointegrate

20
Q

Which DNA sequences are used in DNA fingerprinting?

A

Microsatellites

21
Q

Which of the following theories have been proposed about transposable elements?

A

All of the above

  • Transposable elements are genomic parasites
  • Transposable elements produce mutations that lead to genetic variation
  • Transposable elements have their tendencies replace by properties useful to the cell
22
Q

What technique is used to transfer RNA?

A 
Northern blotting
Mnemonic = SNOW/DROP
Southern - DNA
Northern - RNA
Western - Protein
23
Q

T or F oligonucleotide directed mutagenesis is used when appropriate restriction sites are available

A

False

24
Q

Knockout mice have a normal gene disabled by insertion of this gene into the target gene sequence

A

Neo+

25
Q

T or F DNA transposons are the only transposons present in eukaryotes

A

False, retrotransposons are present too

26
Q

What is the gestation period of a mouse?

A

21 days

27
Q

An individual with down syndrome has trisomy 21, how many chromsomes is present in each cell?

A

47

28
Q

Supercoiling in DNA is relieved by?

Enzyme that adds or subtracts coils

A

Topoisomerases

29
Q

What is histone is not a component of a nucleosome?

A

H1, linker histone that holds linker DNA

30
Q

The movement of genetic material between non-homologous chromosomes

A

Translocation

31
Q

T or F Only DNA transposons are found in eukaryotes

A

False

32
Q

Artificial chromosomes do not need?

A

Selectable markers

33
Q

Not a result of trinucleotide repeats

A

Trisomy 21

34
Q

An intragenic suppressor mutation may act by

A

Change a second nucleotide in the same codon altered by the original mutation, producing a codon that specifies the same amino acid as that specified by the original, unmutated codon

35
Q

Not sure what the question is…

A

Duplication

Genetics (3 decks)

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