Genetics Exam 2 Vocab

Question 1

Promoter

Answer 1

DNA sequence needed for RNA polymerase to bind to the DNA and begin transcription

Question 2

TSS

Question 3

Transcription bubble

Answer 3

Unpaired region of DNA associated with RNA polymerase

Question 4

Initiation

Answer 4

Steps by which RNA polymerase begins transcription

Question 5

Promoter clearance

Answer 5

Step in transcription in which RNA polymerase moves past the promoter and enters into productive elongation

Question 6

Elongation

Answer 6

Iterative process of addition of ribonucleotides complimentary to the DNA template to the nascent transcript; catalyzed by RNA polymerase

Question 7

Termination

Answer 7

Steps by which RNA polymerase stops transcription

Question 8

RNA Pol II CTD

Question 9

GTFs

Answer 9

General transcription factors

Question 10

Sigma factors

Answer 10

Bacterial RNA polymerase subunit required for promoter recognition

Question 11

PIC

Answer 11

Pre-initiation complex - Complex formed by general transcription factors and the RNA polymerase core enzyme, which is capable of transcription initiation

Question 12

Promoter elements

Question 13

TBP

Answer 13

TATA binding protein - Present in the TFIID fraction. It binds to the TATA box and directs transcription

Question 14

TFIID and TAFs

Answer 14

Transcription factor II D -
TBP associated factor - polypeptide that associates with TBP to form the TFIID complex and includes proteins that are required for activation of transcription

Question 15

Closed complex

Answer 15

RNA polymerase bound to promoter DNA before the DNA strands are seperated

Question 16

Open complex

Question 17

TFIIH Helicase

Question 18

RNA polymerase active site Mg++

Question 19

Bridge helix

Question 20

Backtrack

Question 21

Transcription cleavage factors

Question 22

Elongation factors

Question 23

Intrinsic terminator

Question 24

Activator

Question 25

Repressor

Question 26

Architectual DNA-binding protein

Question 27

DBD

Question 28

AD

Question 29

Co-Activator

Question 30

Co-Repressor

Question 31

Enhancer

Question 32

Silencer

Question 33

Mediator

Question 34

In vitro transcription assay

Question 35

Reporter gene

Question 36

Operator

Question 37

Operon

Question 38

Polycistronic message

Question 39

Allosteric effector

Question 40

Attenuation

Question 41

ICR

Question 42

Cleavage

Question 43

Splicing

Question 44

5’ capping

Question 45

3’ Polyadenylation

Question 46

CTD phosphorylation

Question 47

RNP

Question 48

Ribozyme (catalytic RNA)

Question 49

Guide

Question 50

snoRNA

Question 51

Group I Intron

Question 52

Group II Intron

Question 53

Splicosome

Question 54

snRNA

Question 55

Transesterification

Question 56

Branchpoint

Question 57

Alternative Splicing