Genetics Definitions

Question 1

Chromosome

Answer 1

Long strand of DNA, located in the nucleus

Question 2

Gene

Answer 2

Short strand of DNA that codes for a particular characteristic, located on a chromosome

Question 3

Allele

Answer 3

Alternative form of a gene for a particular characteristic

Question 4

Gene locus

Answer 4

Position of gene on a chromosome

Question 5

Genotype

Answer 5

The genetic arrangement of alleles ( genetic makeup ) for 1 or more trait(s)

Question 6

Phenotype

Answer 6

The actual appearance of a particular trait. This may also be influenced by the environment ( diet , sunlight etc. )

Question 7

Homozygous

Answer 7

If the individual has 2 identical alleles on a chromosome for a characteristic ( e.g AA or aa)

Question 8

Heterozygous

Answer 8

If the individual has two different alleles on a chromosome for a characteristic ( e.g Aa )

Question 9

Recessive

Answer 9

The allele is only expressed in the homozygous form

Question 10

Dominant

Answer 10

The allele that is expressed both the homozygous and the heterozygous forms