Genetics and Variation1 Flashcards
What is the molecular structure of DNA?
Double Helix
What is evolution?
Where organisms have changed from earlier forms of life
What is the name given to a thread like structure made of DNA?
A chromosome
What is a dominant gene?
A dominant gene will stay in the product’s DNA
What is a recessive gene?
A recessive gene will be taken over by a dominant gene in the product’s DNA
What is extinction?
The complete disappearance of a species from Earth
What is a fossil?
The remains or impression of a prehistoric plant or animal embedded in rock and preserved in its petrified form
Gene definition
Section of DNA that codes a characteristic
What is an invertebrate?
An animal without a backbone
What is natural selection?
A theory proposed by Charles Darwin, where the best adapted organisms survive and pass on their genes
What is a vertebrate?
An animal with a backbone
What are the 5 key vertebrate groups?
Fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals
What are the main features of a fish?
They have scales, live in water, are cold blooded, lay eggs and have gills
What are the main features of an amphibian?
They have smooth skin, live in water and land, cold blooded and lay eggs
What are the main features of a reptile?
They have scales, lay eggs, cold blooded and have lungs
What are the main features of a bird?
They have feathers, warm blooded, lay eggs and have lungs
What are the main features of a mammal?
They have hair or fur, warm blooded, live births and have lungs
What are the three types of fossils?
Impression fossils, preserved organisms and mineral replacement
What are 5 causes of extinction?
Environment changes quickly, there is a new predator, a new disease, competition for food with another species or a catastrophic event
Who was awarded the Nobel Prize for medicine and physics in 1962?
James Watson, Francis Crick and Maurice Wilkins
What was the name of the woman who produced photo 51, what helped humans figure out the molecular structure of DNA?
Rosalind Franklin
Who found fossils on the Jurassic coast, in Lime Regis? What was her major discovery?
Mary Anning discovered and Ichthyosaurus fossil
Which is dominant, blonde hair or brown hair?
Brown hair
