Genetics and Variation Flashcards
What do you call an animal with a backbone?
A Vertebrate.
What do you call an animal without a backbone?
An Invertebrate.
Key features of a Fish?
Scales, they lay eggs, gills, cold-blooded.
Key features of an amphibian?
Smooth skin, lay eggs, cold-blood.
Key features of a reptile?
Scales, lay eggs, cold-blood, lungs.
Key features of a mammal?
Live birth, hair/fur, lungs, warm-blooded.
Key features of a bird?
Feathers, warm-blooded, lay eggs, lungs.
Some examples of Inherited Characteristics?
Shape of Nose, eye colour, blood group, size of feet, freckles.
Some examples of Environmental characteristics?
Scars, neat writing, hair length, musical talent, sports talent, accent.
What is heredity?
The process by which genetic information is transmitted from one generation to the next.
How many pairs of chromosomes does the human body contain?
23 pairs, which are inherited from parents.
What is the double helix?
The spiral structure of DNA.
What is a chromosome?
A very long molecule of tightly coiled DNA.
What are base pairs?
They form the ladder rungs of a DNA molecule.
What is a gene?
A very small section of a chromosome.
What are different forms of genes called?
Alleles.
What are one piece of evidence towards the theory of evolution?
Fossils.
What is a fossil?
They are the remains and impressions of a prehistoric animal or plant embedded in rock and preserved in petrified form.
What are the 3 different fossil forms?
Impression, preserved and mineral.
What is the smallest group in the classification system??
Species.
What is the definition of species?
A group of organisms that have characteristics in common and can interbreed to produce fertile offspring.
Genetic variation occurs between species? True/False
True
Variation is the difference between species? True/False.
True
What do animals need to survive?
Food, water, shelter, habitat, oxygen, each other.
