Genetics

Question 1

DNA

Answer 1

(Deoxyribonucleic acid) The molecule that contains the genetic code of organisms

Question 2

Allele

Answer 2

Different forms of the same gene

Question 3

Chromosomes

Answer 3

Thread-like structures made of DNA

Question 4

Gene

Answer 4

Section of DNA that code for a particular characteristic

Question 5

Heterozygous

Answer 5

Two different alleles e.g. Aa

Question 6

Homozygous

Answer 6

Two copies of the same alleles e.g. AA or aa

Question 7

Dominant

Answer 7

Characteristics shown in both hetero and homozygous states

Question 8

Recessive

Answer 8

Characteristic only shown in homozygous state

Question 9

Punnett Square

Answer 9

A a
A | AA | Aa |
a | Aa | aa |

Question 10

Genotype

Answer 10

The two alleles that an organisms has e.g. Pp

Question 11

Phenotype

Answer 11

Physical appearance due to your genotype

Question 12

Continuous variation

Answer 12

Variation with no limit for the population, measured with a line graph e.g. height

Question 13

Discontinuous variation

Answer 13

Variation with distinct groups, measured with a bar chart e.g. blood group

Question 14

Inherited variation

Answer 14

Variation cause by the genes inherited from parents

Question 15

Environmental variation

Answer 15

Variation caused by the offspring’ surroundings