Genetics

Question 1

Gene

Answer 1

Section of DNA that codes for a particular trait or characteristic

Question 2

Allele

Answer 2

A different form of a gene that codes for a different version of a characteristic

Question 3

Genotype

Answer 3

A description of the pair of alleles present for a characteristic

Question 4

Phenotype

Answer 4

The physical expression of the alleles

Question 5

Homozygous

Answer 5

Pair of alleles that produce a characteristic are the same, e.g. HH.

Question 6

Heterozygous

Answer 6

Pair of alleles that produce a characteristic are different, e.g. Hh.

Question 7

Dominant

Answer 7

An allele that will always be expressed even when there is only one of these alleles present, represented by a capital letter.

Question 8

Recessive

Answer 8

An allele that will only be expressed when both alleles are of this type e.g. hh.

Question 9

Variation

Answer 9

Variation is due to either Environmental are Inherited (genetic) or both

Question 10

Dolly the sheep

Answer 10

An example of cloning.

Question 11

asexual reproduction

Answer 11

Reproduction without gametes and with only one parent.

Question 12

gene pool

Answer 12

The variety of genes available in a population.

Question 13

clone

Answer 13

A genetically identical organism.

Question 14

sexual reproduction

Answer 14

Reproduction that involves gametes and two parents.

Question 15

characteristics

Answer 15

A feature of an organism.

Question 16

cutting

Answer 16

Small section of a plant is taken and planted.

Question 17

To have Cystic Fibrosis you need to have the genotype…

Answer 17

cc

Question 18

To have Polydactyl you need to have the genotype…

Answer 18

PP or Pp

Question 19

Step 1 of Selective breeding

Answer 19

Decide which characteristic is the most important

Question 20

Step 2 of Selective breeding

Answer 20

Select parent that have high levels of the characteristic

Question 21

Step 3 of Selective breeding

Answer 21

Breed the individuals

Question 22

Step 4 of Selective breeding

Answer 22

Select the best offspring and breed again from this generation

Question 23

Step 5 of Selective breeding

Answer 23

Repeat process for many generations