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science 10 > genetics > Flashcards

genetics Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

codon

A

3 letter words

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2
Q

mutation

A

insertion
substitution
deletion

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3
Q

positive mutations

A

good

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4
Q

neutral

A

doesn’t affect the individual

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5
Q

negative mutations

A

hurt the individual

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6
Q

what causes mutations (one thing)

A

mutagens

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7
Q

what causes mutations

A

virus
bacteria
radiation
chemicals

stress
genetics

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8
Q

how many chromosomes

A

46

23

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9
Q

23rd pair
male with have _____
female will have ____

A

XY

XX

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10
Q

how do i know they are healthy

A

they have to have 46 chromosomes

pairs must be in 2

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11
Q

what does DNA stand for

A

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

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12
Q

what is DNA

A

a set of instructions for cell function

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13
Q

what does dna look like

A

twisted ladder

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14
Q

nitrogen bases

A

adenine
thymine
cytosine
guanine

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15
Q

what are base pairs

A

a-t

c-g

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16
Q

cromatin

A

unravelled strand of DNA

17
Q

chromosomes

A

cooled strands of DNA

18
Q

gene

A

Segment of DNA which codes for specific proteins or trait

19
Q

protein

A

Molecules produced by genes to carry a specific function

20
Q

How are proteins produced

A

the nucleus recieves the chemical signal To make a specific protein

the DNA message for a Specific protein is copied into a small molecule called ribonucleic acid or RNA

RNA leaves through the nuclear pores

The RNA message is delivered to the ribosome and ribosomes make the protein

The manufacture of protein and enters the endoplasmic recticulum

vesicle forms of the end of an ER in care is the protein to the golgi body

science 10 (8 decks)

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