Genetics Flashcards
What is inheritance
The passing on of charcatsitics from one generation to the next
What is genetics
The study of gene and inheritance
What are genotypes
Genotype refers to an organism genetic makeup ( what alleles are present)
Determined by genetic info in the chromosomes that you received from your parents
What is phenotype
Phenotype refers to an organism external appearance/ observable characteristics
They are determined by - genotype and the environment
What is alleles
Alleles are chromosomes that are genes with code for particular traits
Each member of a pair of chromosomes contains the genes for the same trait
Allales dominant or recessive ?
Alleles can be dominant or recessive, this can be represented by capital and lower case letters
Is dominat or recessive more dominant?
The presence of a dominant allele will always mask a recajssive trait, a ressesuve trait will on,y be expressed if there is no dominat allele
Different types of Domianace-
- complete dominance
- co- dominance
- incomplete dominance
What is a complete dominance
- dominant trait masks recessive trait eg. Hair colour
What is co- dominance
Means neither allele is dominant over the other
Blood types-
I a I a= A I b j = A I b I b = B I b j = B I a I b = AB ii = O
What are blood groups
Blood groups is an example of multiple alleles (when more than two alleles are present for a gene)
What is incomplete dominance?
The middle of phenotype
For example:
C r C w= pink flowers
What is mitosis
Results in genetically modified cells
Has 2 cells
Creates diploid autosomes
What is meiosis
Creates haploid sex cells
4 cells
Haploid is half the parent cell
