Genetics

Question 1

What is a gene?

Answer 1

A length of DNA which codes for a specific polypeptide chain.

Question 2

What is an allele?

Answer 2

One of a number of different versions of a gene.

Question 3

Define Diploid

Answer 3

Cells that have two copies of each chromosome, and therefore two copies of each gene.

Question 4

Define Haploid

Answer 4

Cells that have one copy of each chromosome, therefore one copy of each gene.

Question 5

Define Dominant

Answer 5

These alleles are expressed in the phenotype

Question 6

Define Recessive

Answer 6

Only expressed when they are homozygous

Question 7

Define Genotype

Answer 7

The genetic makeup

Question 8

Define Phenotype

Answer 8

The outward expression of the genotype

Question 9

What is Mendel’s First Law?

Answer 9

In a cross of parents that are pure for contrasting traits, only one form of the trait will appear in the next generation. Offspring that are hybrid for a trait will only have the dominant trait in the phenotype.