Genetics

Question 1

The study of heredity.

Answer 1

Genetics (Genetics involves studying how traits are passed from parents to offspring).

Question 2

The passing of traits from parents to offspring.

Answer 2

Heredity.

Question 3

The characteristics of an organism. Examples are eye color, freckles, height or dimples.

Answer 3

Traits.

Question 4

Thread-like structures in the nucleus of cells that carry genetic information. A chromosome consists of a long strand of DNA containing many genes.

Answer 4

Chromosome

Question 5

A molecule made up of nucleotides that contains genetic information for cell growth, division and function.

Answer 5

DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA

Question 6

A segment on a chromosome that determines a specific trait. (units of heredity)

Answer 6

Gene

Question 7

Different form or version of a gene.

Answer 7

Allele (Alleles usually occur in pairs)

Question 8

Gene variant that is expressed more strongly than other versions of the same gene.

Answer 8

Dominant (The dominant allele masks the effect of the recessive allele)

Question 9

A gene that is masked by a dominant gene, and is only expressed when two copies of the gene are present.

Answer 9

Recessive

Question 10

The genetic make up or code of an organism - Ex: BB, Bb, bb

Answer 10

Genotype (Ex: BB, Bb, bb)

Question 11

The observable traits or physical appearance of an organism - Ex: brown eyes or blue eyes

Answer 11

Phenotype (Ex: brown eyes or blue eyes)

Question 12

If an organism has two of the same kind of gene for a trait.

Answer 12

Homozygous, Example: Homozygous brown eyes (BB) ~ Homozygous blue eyes (bb)

Question 13

An organism with two different alleles for a trait.

Answer 13

Heterozygous, Example: A heterozygous tall plant (Tt) expresses the dominant allele (T or tall) and thus, is tall.