Genetics

Question 1

The basic unit of heredity is:

Answer 1

Gene

Question 2

The shape of a DNA molecule is:

Answer 2

Double Helix

Question 3

The two strands of a DNA molecule are held together by:

Answer 3

hydrogen bonds

Question 4

Which type of RNA carries the genetic code from the DNA to the ribosomes?

Answer 4

mRNA

Question 5

The process of converting DNA into RNA is called:

Answer 5

transcription

Question 6

The process of converting RNA into protein is called:

Answer 6

translation

Question 7

A trait that is expressed when present in a single copy is called:

Answer 7

dominant

Question 8

A trait that is expressed only when present in two copies is called:

Answer 8

recessive

Question 9

A Punnett square is used to predict:

Answer 9

the genotype of offspring

Question 10

The genetic makeup of an individual is called:

Answer 10

genotype

Question 11

The physical expression of a trait is called:

Answer 11

phenotype

Question 12

A genetic disorder caused by a recessive allele is:

Answer 12

cystic fibrosis

Question 13

A genetic disorder caused by a dominant allele is:

Answer 13

Huntington’s disease

Question 14

A genetic disorder caused by an extra chromosome is:

Answer 14

Down syndrome

Question 15

The process of changing the genetic material of an organism is called:

Answer 15

genetic engineering

Question 16

The technique used to separate DNA fragments based on size is:

Answer 16

gel electrophoresis

Question 17

The technique used to make many copies of a DNA fragment is:

Answer 17

PCR

Question 18

The technique used to insert a gene from one organism into another organism is:

Answer 18

Genetic Engineering

Question 19

The study of the entire genetic makeup of an organism is called:

Answer 19

genetics

Question 20

A person with two different alleles for a trait is called:

Answer 20

heterozygous