Genetics Flashcards
The basic unit of heredity is:
Gene
The shape of a DNA molecule is:
Double Helix
The two strands of a DNA molecule are held together by:
hydrogen bonds
Which type of RNA carries the genetic code from the DNA to the ribosomes?
mRNA
The process of converting DNA into RNA is called:
transcription
The process of converting RNA into protein is called:
translation
A trait that is expressed when present in a single copy is called:
dominant
A trait that is expressed only when present in two copies is called:
recessive
A Punnett square is used to predict:
the genotype of offspring
The genetic makeup of an individual is called:
genotype
The physical expression of a trait is called:
phenotype
A genetic disorder caused by a recessive allele is:
cystic fibrosis
A genetic disorder caused by a dominant allele is:
Huntington’s disease
A genetic disorder caused by an extra chromosome is:
Down syndrome
The process of changing the genetic material of an organism is called:
genetic engineering
The technique used to separate DNA fragments based on size is:
gel electrophoresis
The technique used to make many copies of a DNA fragment is:
PCR
The technique used to insert a gene from one organism into another organism is:
Genetic Engineering
The study of the entire genetic makeup of an organism is called:
genetics
A person with two different alleles for a trait is called:
heterozygous
