Genetics Flashcards
What is an example of continuous variation?
height, weight, resting heart rate
What is an example discontinuous variation?
Eye colour, ear lobe shape, tongue rolling, fingerprint, blood type
What are characteristics that display genetic variation?
hair colour, freckles, blood type, skin colour, eye colour
What characteristics are influenced by a person’s environment?
Cancer, Freckles, tan, intolerances, weight
Sources of environmental variation
radiation, sanitation, noise, access to food and water, workplace hazards.
Discontinuous variation definition
Refers to a characteristics limited number of possibilities
e.g - Eye colour, blood group, hair colour
Continuous Variation definition
Refers to characteristics that change gradually
e.g - Height, weight, resting heart rate
What bonds with Thymine (T)?
Adenine (A)
What bonds with Cytosine (C)?
Guanine (G)
What are the bonds between bases?
Hydrogen
What is the backbone supporting the bases?
Sugar phosphate backbone
When removing DNA from strawberry, why do we use salt and washing up liquid?
to break down to cell to access the DNA
What part of the cell contains the DNA?
the nucleus of the cell
What is a gene?
A gene is a single strand of DNA
What is an Allele?
All the possible versions of a gene
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
What is a Phenotype?
The appearance of an organism
What is the Genotype?
The genetic makeup of an organism
e.g - CC, Dd, hh
What are the two versions of a gene?
Dominant and recessive
What are the three Genotypes?
Homozygous Dominant, Homozygous Recessive, Heterozygous
How do you show the possibilities of Genotypes being passed down?
Punnett square
What is overproduction?
When a large amount of one species is born
What is natural selection?
The organism least adapted to survive dies
What is inheritance?
When traits are passed down to offspring from the parents who survived natural selection
