Genetics Flashcards
What are homologous chromosomes?
Chromosomes that are similar in shape and size.
What is a Centromere?
Place where chromatids are attached to form chromosome.
What are gametes?
Reproductive cells.
What are somatic cels?
Any type of cells but sex cells?
Autosomes are what?
Chromosomes that are not involved with determining sex.
How many chromosomes do corn and horses have?
Corn: 20
Horses: 64
Deletion is?
Deletion is a piece of chromosome breaks off.
Duplication is?
Fragment of chromosome attaches to its homologue.
Inversion is?
Fragment reattached to chromosome and flipped upside down.
What is the term where it is the passing of traits to offspring?
Heredity.
Genome?
Genetic material found in chromosome.
Nitrogen bases in DNA?
Cytosine, Guanine, Adenine, Thymine.
Genetic code?
Sequence if nitrogen bases in DNA.
Genotype?
Actual genetic code.
Phenotype?
Determines physical appearance.
Homozygous.
Same allels.
Heterozygous?
Different allels.
Heritability?
Chance to get specific trait.
Poultry don’t have X’s and Y’s but they have?
Males: ZZ Females: ZW
Linkage?
Tendency for traits to group together.
Biotechnology?
Management do biological systems for benefit for people and environment.
Animal Biotechnology?
Application of biotechnology methods to improve animals.
Molecular biotechnology?
Changing the structure and parts of cells to change organism.
Organismic biotechnology?
Deals with intact or complete organisms. * most popular
Genetic engineering?
Changing genetic info. Take piece of DNA and inserting different piece.
Gene transfer?
Moving of a gene from one organism to another.
Plasmids?
Circular pieces of DNA. A lot of the cells die in process.
