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Animal Science > Genetics > Flashcards

Genetics Flashcards

0
Q

What is a sex chromosome?

A

One pair of chromosomes that determine gender.

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1
Q

What is a common genetic disorder?

A

Mutations

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2
Q

What part do autosomes have in determining sex?

A

Not involved in determining sex.

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3
Q

How many chromosomes do humans have?

A

46.

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4
Q

What is a zygote?

A

Fertilized ovum.

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5
Q

What is a centromere?

A

Place where chromatids are attached to form a chromosome.

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6
Q

What is a haploid?

A

Cells that contain one set of like chromosomes.

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7
Q

What is a diploid?

A

Cells that contain two sets of like chromosomes.

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8
Q

What is self-replicating?

A

Genetic structure of cells containing DNA that bears genes.

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9
Q

What are chromatids?

A

Two exact copies of DNA that make up a chromosome.

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10
Q

What is a homologous chromosomes?

A

Similar in size, shape and genetic content.

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11
Q

What are gametes?

A

Organisms reproductive cells (sperm/eggs).

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12
Q

What is a dihybrid cross?

A

16 answers.

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13
Q

What are genes?

A

Fundamental physical and functional unit of heredity; found on chromosomes.

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14
Q

What are deletions?

A

Where it breaks off.

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15
Q

What is a duplication?

A

Attaches to homologue.

16
Q

What is a inversion?

A

Where it’s flipped.

17
Q

What is heredity?

A

Passing of traits from parents to offspring.

18
Q

What is a genome?

A

Genetic material found in chromosome.

19
Q

What are genes that are made of DNA?

A

Chromosomes.

20
Q

What is DNA?

A

Protein like nucleic acid on genes, that controls inheritance.

21
Q

What are 4 bases found in DNA?

A

Cytosine, guanine, adenine, an thymine.

22
Q

What is the genetic code?

A

Sequence of nitrogen bases in DNA replicating– allows genetic information next generation of cells.

23
Q

What is a genotype?

A

Actual genetic code.

24
Q

What is a phenotype?

A

Physical appearance.

25
Q

What is a homozygous?

A

Same alleles.

26
Q

What is heterozygous?

A

Different alleles.

27
Q

What is heritability?

A

Chance get a specific trait.

28
Q

What is a gene transfer?

A

Take out gene, transfer another.

29
Q

What is genetic engineering?

A

Change genetic information.

Animal Science (2 decks)

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