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Developmental Psychbiology > Genetics > Flashcards

Genetics Flashcards

1
Q

Cell -> _____ -> Chromosome -> _________

A

Nucleus -> DNA

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2
Q

Gene is part of a ________ that is composed of ______

A

chromosome, DNA

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3
Q

How many chromosomes do we have?

A

23 dad + 23 mom = 46

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4
Q

What is DNA?

A

A template for the composition of RNA

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5
Q

What is RNA?

A

Single strand chemical - production of proteins

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6
Q

_____ makes ______, _____ makes protein

A

DNA makes RNA, RNA makes proteins

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7
Q

________ is the process by which DNA is copied to RNA

A

transcription

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8
Q

The process in which RNA is used to produce proteins is called ________

A

translation

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9
Q

______ is the genetic code inherited from parents

A

genotype

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10
Q

_______ is the observable physical characteristics

A

phenotype

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11
Q

Both chromosomes have the same gene, but there may be different _____ for those genes

A

alleles

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12
Q

Different alleles can produce different __________

A

phenotypes

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13
Q

______ is an identical pair of genes on the two chromosomes

A

Homozygous

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14
Q

________ is an unmatched pair of genes on the two chromosomes

A

Heterozygous

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15
Q

Dominant gene will always be expressed in either the _________ or _______ condition

A

homozygous, heterozygous

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16
Q

______ gene can only be expressed in the heterozygous condition

A

Recessive

17
Q

What are monozygotic twins?

A

Identical Twins - one egg, one sperm that split

18
Q

What are dizygotic twins?

A

Faternal Twins - two fertilized eggs with different sperm but during the same pregnacy

19
Q

What causes changes in gene expression without modifying DNA

A

Epigenetics

20
Q

Methylation of DNA and histones causes…..

A

nucleosomes to pack tightly together

21
Q

Histone acetylation results in….

A

loose packing of nucleosomes

22
Q

What do genes produce?

A

Proteins

23
Q

Genes produce _____ that will activate ______

A

proteins, behaviors

Developmental Psychbiology (3 decks)

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