Genetics

Question 1

The series of events that take place from the formation of a cell until it divides again is called?

Answer 1

The cell cycle

Question 2

Proper sequence of mitosis is?

Answer 2

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Question 3

If the centromere in one of your 46 chromosomes does not split until telophase, it would result in what?

Answer 3

Two cells, one with 44 chromosomes and one with 47 chromosomes

Question 4

Which cells in the human body have a diploid number of 46 chromosomes in their nuclei?

Answer 4

Only Zygotes

Question 5

During meiosis, genetic variation in the gamete’s is achieved by what?

Answer 5

Crossing over and random assortment

Question 6

Where does the daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell?

Answer 6

Mitosis

Question 7

If a sperm cell contains 10 chromosomes, a muscle cell from the same organism will contain…

Answer 7

10 pairs of chromosomes

Question 8

Tuner Syndrome is due to…

Answer 8

A missing sex chromosome

Question 9

Differences between Meiosis and Mitosis:

Answer 9

1. Mitosis produces 2 diploid daughter cells - Meiosis produces 4 haploid daughter cells
2. Mitosis = Any cell that isn’t gamete - Meiosis = Only sex cells
3. Tetrad formation in meiosis
4. Recombination/crossing over chromosomes in prophase 1 (Meiosis)
5. Daughter cells unique in Meiosis - Identical in Mitosis

Question 10

DNA stands for…

Answer 10

deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 11

Is XX male or female?

Answer 11

Female

Question 12

Is XY male or female?

Answer 12

Male

Question 13

Chromatid

Answer 13

One strand of a double-stranded chromosome

Question 14

Metastasis

Answer 14

Cancer cell break from tumour to move to another tissue

Question 15

Spindle fibres

Answer 15

Guide wires for movement of chromosomes

Question 16

Diploid

Answer 16

Twice the number of chromosomes in a gamete

Question 17

Synapsis

Answer 17

Pairing of homologous

Question 18

Cytokinesis

Answer 18

Equal division of the cytoplasm and constituent organelles

Question 19

Haploid

Answer 19

Number of chromosomes in a gamete

Question 20

Crossing over

Answer 20

Exchange of material between two homologous chromosomes

Question 21

Centromere

Answer 21

Point of attachment of chromatids

Question 22

Tetrad

Answer 22

A pair of homologous chromosomes with two chromatids each

Question 23

Adenine connects with what?

Answer 23

Thymine

Question 24

Cytosine connects with what?

Answer 24

Guanine

Question 25

Heredity

Answer 25

The passing of traits from parent to offspring

Question 26

Asexual Reproduction

Answer 26

Production of offspring from single parent cell - identical

Question 27

Sexual Reproduction

Answer 27

Production of offspring from the fusion of two sex cells

Question 28

Gamete

Answer 28

Sex cell - sperm = male and eggs = female

Question 29

Fertilization

Answer 29

Formation of a zygote by joining together two gametes

Question 30

Zygote

Answer 30

A cell produced by the fusion of two gametes

Question 31

Ova

Answer 31

Female sex cell

Question 32

Katyotypes

Answer 32

Can be used to determine the sex of an individual - involves staining chromosomes

Question 33

Locus

Answer 33

A spot on the chromosome where a particular gene is located

Question 34

fragmentation

Answer 34

Form of asexual reporduction

Question 35

Genes

Answer 35

A strip located on chromosomes with DNA

Question 36

Autosomes

Answer 36

Non-Sex chromosomes

Question 37

Non-disjunction

Answer 37

Abnormal meiosis - abnormal number of chromosome on either side bring pullef

Question 38

Trisomy

Answer 38

Three homologous pairs instead of two

Question 39

Monosomy

Answer 39

One homologous pair instead of two

Question 40

Down syndrome

Answer 40

Three copies of chromosome #21