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Genetics Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Genetics

A

branch of biology that deals with the hereditary and variation of organisms

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2
Q

heredity

A

the natural process by which physical and mental qualities are passed from parent to child

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3
Q

chromosomes

A

found in the cell nucleus. contain the recipe for making a living thing and are made of strands of DNA

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4
Q

DNA

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

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5
Q

DNA is shaped like a

A

spiral staircase

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6
Q

“Handrails”

A

nucleotides

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7
Q

“steps”

A

bases (ATGC)

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8
Q

4 bases and how they pair

A

ADENINE - THYMINE
GUANINE - CYTOSINE
A T G C
All teachers go crazy

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9
Q

genes

A

segments of DNA are the ingredients that code for proteins

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10
Q

proteins

A

responsible for building, regulating, and maintaining your body

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11
Q

Gregor Medel

A

was the first person to describe how traits are inherited from generation to generation

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12
Q

inherited

A

to recieve a gene from a parent during reproduction. Usually you recieve half from the father and half from the mother

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13
Q

generation

A

the offspring that results from reproduction

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14
Q

phenotype

A

observable characteristics and traits

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15
Q

genotype

A

your genetic identity also a particular gene or set of genes carried by an individual

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16
Q

traits

A

inherited characteristics that are found in the phenotype and genotype of an organism

17
Q

dominant trait

A

trait that will appear if one of the parents contributes it

18
Q

recessive

A

must be contribute by both parents to make it appear

19
Q

homozygous

A

carries two dominant or two recessive genes for a trait

20
Q

heterozygous

A

carries two different genes for a trait

21
Q

mutation

A

the changing of the structure of a gene
resulting in a variant that may be transmitted to subsequent generations
can be caused by the alteration of single base units in DNA or the deletion, insertion, rearrangement of larger sections of genes or chromosomes

22
Q

genes can mutate..

A

in various ways

Genetics (7 decks)

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