Genetics 1 Flashcards
what is a chromosome made of?
tightly coiled DNA that carries genetic information
asexual reproduction
offspring is an exact copy so DNA is an exact copy
budding
an organism known as a bud grows off the side of the parent organism and then splits off.
binary fission
one-celled organisms split evenly down the middle after chromosomes are replicated
somatic cells
all cells in the body except reproductive cells
sexual reproduction
reproduction from two parents
inherited traits
traits animals pass on to their offspring
acquired traits
Traits an animal develops in their lifetime
recessive trait
(h) covered up
dominant trait
(H) shown
female
xx
male
xy
selective breeding
specially picking so they have a specific trait
cultivated plants
plants that have been changed to promote survival
nature
what you are born with
nurture
how you are raised or what you learn
punnett squares
to find the probability of having offspring with a desired trait
how many chromosomes do we have?
46 (23 pairs)
natural selection
organisms best suited for their environment survive
Artificial selection
artificially changing the genes of a plant or animal
Haploid
having half the chromosomes
diploid
having all
co-dominance
making a new traits when mixed together
