Genetic Variation in Organisms Vocab

Question 1

Cell division; chromosomes condense

Answer 1

Prophase

Question 2

Tightly coiled form of DNA; allows DNA to be divided equally during cell division

Answer 2

Chromosomes

Question 3

Protein structure that divides the genetic material of a cell for cell division

Answer 3

Spindle Fiber

Question 4

Cell division; chromosomes align in the center of the cell

Answer 4

Metaphase

Question 5

Process where the cytoplasm of a parent cell is divided

Answer 5

Cytokenesis

Question 6

Form the spindle fibers that pull chromosomes

Answer 6

Centrioles

Question 7

Loose form of DNA; allows DNA to be accessed for functions like protein synthesis

Answer 7

Chromatin

Question 8

Cell division; chromosomes separate and move to the end of the cell

Answer 8

Anaphase

Question 9

Carrier of genetic information

Answer 9

DNA

Question 10

Cells that are created after a parent cell divides

Answer 10

Daughter Cells

Question 11

Indentation on the surface of a cell that forms during cell division

Answer 11

Cleavage Furrow

Question 12

Connects sister chromatids during cell division

Answer 12

Centromere

Question 13

Identical; connected by a centromere

Answer 13

Sister Chromatids

Question 14

Help condense DNA into basic proteins

Answer 14

Histone Protein

Question 15

Cell division; nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes

Answer 15

Telophase

Question 16

Attaches chromosomes to spindle fibers during cell division

Answer 16

Kinetochore

Question 17

Process where cell nucleus splits into two nuclei

Answer 17

Mitosis

Question 18

Membrane that separates the nucleus and the cytoplasm

Answer 18

Nuclear Envelope

Question 19

Separates the cytoplasm of two daughter cells

Answer 19

Cell Plate

Question 20

Runs across the center of a dividing cell during metaphase

Answer 20

Metaphase Plate

Question 21

Make up 1 half of a chromosome

Answer 21

Chromatid

Question 22

3 step process where a cell grows and prepares for cell division

Answer 22

Interphase

Question 23

Stage of interphase where the cell prepares to divide

Answer 23

G1 (growth 1)

Question 24

Stage of interphase where a cell replicates its DNA to prepare for cell division

Answer 24

S phase (synthesis)

Question 25

Stage of interphase where the cell grows more until it is ready to divide

Answer 25

G2

Question 26

The cell exits the regular cell cycle and enters a non-dividing state

Answer 26

G0

Question 27

Part of the cell cycle where the cell undergoes division

Answer 27

Mitosis

Question 28

Series of steps a cell undergoes to duplicate itself

Answer 28

Cell Cycle

Question 29

Cell that divides to make daughter cells

Answer 29

Parent Cell

Question 30

Cell of a living organism that is not a sex cell

Answer 30

Somatic Cell

Question 31

Contains two complete sets of chromosomes

Answer 31

Diploid

Question 32

Single set of unpaired chromosomes

Answer 32

Haploid

Question 33

Seperates sister chromatids during cell division

Answer 33

Spindle Apparatus

Question 34

Asexual reproduction of a single-celled organism

Answer 34

Binary Fission

Question 35

Growth or tumor that is not cancerous

Answer 35

Benign

Question 36

Growth of tumor that is cancerous

Answer 36

Malignant

Question 37

Uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in the body

Answer 37

Cancer